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波道容量

电气工程学电脑科学信息论中,信道容量Channel capacity,又译通道容量)是指在一个波道中能够可靠地传送资讯时可达速率的最小上界。所谓可靠传输指的是可以以任意小的错误率传递资讯。根据有噪波道编码定理,波道容量是可以误差概率任意小地达到的给定波道的极限资讯率。波道容量的单位为位元每秒、奈特每秒等等。[1] [2]

香农第二次世界大战期间发展出信息论,为信道容量提了定义,并且提供了计算波道容量的数学模型香农指出,信道容量是波道的输入与输出的互资讯量的最大值,而相应的输入分布称为最佳输入分布[3]

定义

X代表已传送信号的随机变量Y代表已收到信号的随机变量代表已知X的情况下Y条件分布,为波道的内在固定属性。于是依据如下性质

边缘分布的选取完全决定了联合分布,这就能导出互资讯波道容量定义为

其中上确界针对对所有可能的值。

有噪波道编码定理

有噪波道编码定理表明,对任意的ε > 0以及传输速率R小于波道容量C,在块长度足够大的情况下,总有一种在速率为R下传输的编码和解码方案,它的误差概率小于ε。另外,对于任何大于波道容量的速率,随着块长度趋近于无穷,接受者的误差概率也趋于1。

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Saleem Bhatti. Channel capacity. Lecture notes for M.Sc. Data Communication Networks and Distributed Systems D51 -- Basic Communications and Networks. [2007-11-10]. (原始内容存档于2007-08-21). 
  2. ^ Jim Lesurf. Signals look like noise!. Information and Measurement, 2nd ed. [2007-11-10]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-28). 
  3. ^ Thomas M. Cover, Joy A. Thomas. Elements of Information Theory. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 2006. 
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波道容量
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