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以实玛利

以实玛利
在阿拉伯沙漠中的埃及人夏甲以实玛利,弗朗索瓦·约瑟夫·纳维斯绘。
先知
出生迦南
逝世麦加
敬礼于犹太教
伊斯兰教
巴哈伊信仰
受影响于亚伯拉罕
影响于以实玛利的后裔和穆斯林

以实玛利希伯来语יִשְׁמָעֵאל‎‎,英语:Ishmael),基督新教译作以实玛利天主教译作依市玛耳伊斯兰教译作易斯马仪易司马仪伊斯梅尔司马义,按照塔纳赫古兰经记载。

犹太教中的以实玛利

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犹太教的《希伯来圣经》或称《塔纳赫》中,以实玛利是亚伯拉罕的使女夏甲所生的儿子,上帝对他的预言是“为人必像野驴。他的手要攻打人,人的手也要攻打他;他必住在众弟兄的东边,后裔极其繁多甚至不可胜数。”(《塔纳赫创世纪-16》)

夏甲在生下以实玛利后轻视撒拉撒拉更要求亚伯拉罕赶走夏甲母子。后来以实玛利住在旷野,成为弓箭手,受上帝应许成为大国的祖先。日后的阿拉伯人即为以实玛利的后代,希伯来人则是以撒的后代。

伊斯兰教的以实玛利

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以实玛利的来历与犹太教中的说法相同,伊斯兰教的宣道者穆罕默德曾以阿拉伯人为以实玛利后裔的理由,同当时的犹太拉比证明自己的先知身份。学者发现有人把穆罕默德的祖先追溯到尼拜约,也有人追溯到基达。[1]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 以实玛利. [2009-04-09]. (原始内容存档于2010-06-20). 
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以实玛利
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