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中国地形宏观区域

中国地形宏观区域、又译中国宏观区域宏观区域理论是由美国人类学家施坚雅提出的分析模式及理论(因此又称施坚雅模式),依主要大河流的排水盆地及其他会影响旅行的地理因素,将汉地划成九大区, 并主张这九大区域在环境、经济资源、文化及相互依赖及偶时独立的众面向来说,有相当不同的特性。 [1] 这在其主要论文“中华帝国晚期的城市”中在解释城市地位升降的原因、区域发展与中心城市的关系中对相关研究有关键影响。[2][3][4][5][6][7]该理论及分析方式又称为“施坚雅模式”。[8][9]

19世纪中国

施坚雅及其学派主张在中国现代化之前,中国的交通体系主要是受限于地形宏观区域的限制,因此地形宏观区域同时也相当于19世纪的社会经济宏观区域。这些区域包括[10]

  • 10 中国东北区 Northeast China
  • 20 中国华北区 North China
  • 30 中国西北区 Northwest China
    • 渭-汾 流域分区
    • 黄河上游分区
    • 河西甘肃走廊分区
  • 40 长江上游区
  • 50 长江中游区
  • 60 长江下游区
  • 70 东南沿海区 (约包括 福建, 广东东部, 浙江南部, 及台湾)
    • 瓯灵流域分区
    • 闽江流域分区
    • 漳泉分区
    • 韩江流域分区
    • 台湾分区
  • 80 岭南区,[11]
  • 90 云贵区;

新疆, 西藏, 青海内蒙古的大部分都未纳入施坚雅的分类.

20世纪中国

施坚雅认为20世纪中国的九个社会经济宏观区域的核心没变,只在范围上和19世纪的有些许差异.[10]

参见

引用书目

  1. ^ Joseph Needham, Francesca Bray, Hsing-Tsung Huang, Christian Daniels, Nicholas K. Menzies (1984) "Science and Civilisation in China" ISBN 0-521-63262-5
  2. ^ George William Skinner; 陈桥驿. 中华帝国晚期的城市. 中华书局. 2000 [8 January 2013]. 
  3. ^ Linda Cooke Johnson. 帝国晚期的江南城市. 上海人民出版社. 2005 [8 January 2013]. ISBN 978-7-208-05589-6. 
  4. ^ They were described in Skinner's landmark essays in The City in Late Imperial China (1977), G.W. Skinner (ed.) (1977) "The City in Late Imperial China." Stanford University Press.
  5. ^ 世界漢學. 中国文化硏究所. 1998 [8 January 2013]. 
  6. ^ 赵毅. 明清史抉微. 吉林人民出版社. 2008 [8 January 2013]. ISBN 978-7-206-05439-6. 
  7. ^ 史学理论研究. 世界历史杂志社. 1992 [8 January 2013]. 
  8. ^ 任放, 2004, 施坚雅模式与中国近代史研究页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) 《近代史研究》2004年第4期
  9. ^ 刘招成 , 2003, 施坚雅模式研究页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), 华东师范大学博士论文
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 "A note regarding the Physiographic and Socioeconomic Macroregions of China"页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), by G. William Skinner, Mark Henderson, and Zumou Yue
  11. ^ Robert Marks (1997) "Tigers, Rice, Silk, and Silt: Environment and Economy in Late Imperial South China", Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-59177-5

外部链接

中国地形宏观区域的相关地图及资料有相关的GIS Shapefile 档页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),可在哈佛中国历史GIS网站页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)取得。

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中国地形宏观区域
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