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三朝北盟会编.
《三朝北盟会编》二百五十卷,南宋徐梦莘编,采编年体例,《四库全书》入史部纪事本末类。
徐梦莘(1126年-1207年),江西清江人,绍兴二十四年(1154年)进士,大部分时间在家著述,《三朝北盟会编》成书于光宗绍熙五年(1194年),上帙政和至宣和25卷、中帙靖康75卷、下帙建炎至绍兴150卷。记载自政和七年(1117年)海上之盟,迄绍兴三十二年(1162年)完颜亮伐宋,共计四十六年宋金关系的史料。三朝是指宋徽宗赵佶、宋钦宗赵桓、宋高宗赵构三朝,该书成书于光宗绍熙五年(1194年),史料收罗广泛,凡诏敕、制诰、书疏、奏议、记传、行实、碑志、文集、杂着等,悉取尽收,按年、月、日标示事目,加以编排,征引的文献达二百多种[1]。
全书的重点在于靖康之难,有七十多卷的篇幅只写一年又四个月的史事。又编《北盟集补》50卷,中、下二帙各25卷,已失传。《三朝北盟会编》对于记述的异同、存疑者,不加论断,以备史家去取,虽然“所记金人事迹,往往传闻失实,不尽可凭;又当时臣僚削奏,亦多夸张无据之词。梦莘概录全文,均未能持择。”,但保存当时南北文献风闻之词,首尾完备,南宋编年史中惟李心传《建炎以来系年要录》足以胜之[2]。
另外,“蒙古”一词,据屠寄《蒙兀儿史记》称,始于李志常《长春真人西游记》,但失考。目前最早记载“蒙古”一词的是《三朝北盟会编》卷二百四十三引无名氏《炀王江上录》:“正隆三年二月下诏,小龙虎大王兵五万,守镇蒙古。”[3]
参考文献
- ^ 楼钥《直秘阁徐公墓志铭》说:“收罗野史及他文书多至二百余家。”据《四库全书总目》统计:“所引书一百二种,杂考私书八十四种,金国诸录十种,共一百九十六种;而文集之类尚不数焉。”
- ^ 《四库全书总目》卷49 《三朝北盟会编》提要
- ^ 徐俊. 中國古代王朝和政權名號探源. 湖北武昌: 华中师范大学出版社. 2000年11月: 288–293. ISBN 7-5622-2277-0.
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