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Κ机制

κ机制κ–mechanism)是造成多种变星光度变化的机制。在这里“κ”是希腊字母“Kappa”,代表恒星大气层中任意深度的不透明度

机制

在正常恒星中,恒星大气层内压力的增加会增加温度和密度,使恒星大气层不透明度下降,这允许热能可以更快消散,结果就是恒星大气层中温度和压力可维持平衡状态。不过,当不透明度与温度一起增加时,大气层就会变得不稳定以抵抗脉动[1]。如果恒星大气有一层向内移动,将使大气的密度和不透明度增加,造成热流被阻挡。结果就是热能增加造成压力增加,使恒星大气层向外移动。最终就是大气层重复向恒星内和外运动[2]

来自κ机制的恒星非绝热脉动发生在氢和氦被部分电离的区域或氢负离子区域。这样的例子就发生在天琴座RR型变星内部分氦被二次电离的区域[1]。发风在氢离子化区域的例子则是米拉变星Ap和Bp星鲸鱼座ZZ型变星。在仙王座β型变星中,恒星脉动在温度达到大约200,000 K的深度发生,并且在该处富含铁。在该深度铁的不透明度增加则称为Z脉动(Z bump),在这里“Z”是代表氢和氦以外化学元素的符号[3]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Maeder, André. Physics, formation and evolution of rotating stars. Astronomy and astrophysics library. Springer. 2009: 373. ISBN 3-540-76948-X. 
  2. ^ de Boer, Klaas Sjoerds; Seggewiss, Wilhelm. Stars and stellar evolution. L'Editeur: EDP Sciences. 2008: 172. ISBN 2-7598-0356-2. 
  3. ^ LeBlanc, Francis. An Introduction to Stellar Astrophysics. John Wiley and Sons. 2010: 196. ISBN 0-470-69957-4. 
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Κ机制
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