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Portal:Sò͘-ha̍k.
Sò͘-ha̍k sī tùi sò͘-bo̍k, sò͘-liōng, khong-kan, kò͘-chō, kap piàn-hòa ê gián-kiù. Sò͘-ha̍k tī thong sè-kài chē chióng hun-iá lóng hông sú-iōng chò chi̍t khoán tiōng-iàu ki-pún ê ke-si, pau-koat chū-jiân kho-ha̍k, kang-têng, i-ha̍k, kap siā-hōe kho-ha̍k. Èng-iōng sò͘-ha̍k, sī sò͘-ha̍k lāi-bīn ê hun-ki, choan-bûn koan-sim tī sò͘-ha̍k tì-sek ùi kî-tha hun-iá ê lī-ēng, khé-hoat jî-chhiá chè-chō sin sò͘-ha̍k hoat-kiàn ê lō͘-iōng, ū-sî koh niá-chhōa chhut kui-ê sin sò͘-ha̍k ha̍k-būn ê hoat-tián, pí-lūn thóng-kè-ha̍k kap gém lí-lūn. Sò͘-ha̍k mā chiông-sū tī sûn-chùi sò͘-ha̍k, he̍k-chiá kóng ūi tio̍h sò͘-ha̍k chhòng sò͘-ha̍k, bô khó-lū jīn-hô èng-iōng. Sûn-chùi kap èng-iōng ê sò͘-ha̍k chi kan bô chheng-chhó ê kài-sòaⁿ, goân-té ê si̍t-chok èng-iōng mā tiāⁿ sī sûn-chùi sò͘-ha̍k hông hoat-kiàn ê lâi-goân.
Chū-jiân-sò͘ sī siōng ki-pún ê
sò͘-ba̍k, chi̍t khoán kóng-hoat sī ài chiàⁿ chéng-sò͘ chiah hō chò chū-jiân-sò͘, mā ū chi̍t khoán sī kā
lêng (0) mā sǹg chāi-lāi. It-poaⁿ lâi kóng, gián-kiù
sò͘-lūn ê lâng bô kā 0 sǹg chāi-lāi, gián-kiù
chi̍p-ha̍p-lūn iā
tiān-náu kho-ha̍k ê lâng ē kā 0 sǹg ji̍p. Chū-jiân-sò͘ ê lō͘-iōng chú-iàu sī ēng lâi sǹg mi̍h-kiāⁿ ê sò͘-liōng, he̍k-chiá-sī the̍h lâi pâi sūn-sū. It-poaⁿ ēng
N iah-sī
![{\displaystyle \mathbb {N} }](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fdf9a96b565ea202d0f4322e9195613fb26a9bed)
chò chū-jiân-sò͘ ê phiau-kì.
Pythagoras tēng-lí ê chi̍t khoán phó͘-thong-hòa: ēng ti̍t-kak saⁿ-kak-hêng ê saⁿ pêng ōe chhut chiàⁿ gō͘-kak-hêng iā jīn-hô beh-kâng ê hêng-thé, thang sán-seng A + B = C ê koan-hē (A, B, C sī saⁿ-ê hêng-thé ê biān-chek).
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (1822 nî 1 goe̍h 2 ji̍t - 1888 nî 8 goe̍h 24 ji̍t) sī 19 sè-kí
Tek-kok chi̍t-ūi tiōng-iàu-ê
bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka kiam
sò͘-ha̍k-ka, āu-sì-ê to-sò͘ ha̍k-chiá lóng jīn-ûi i chiū-sī khai-chhòng hiān-tāi
jia̍t-le̍k-ha̍k ê tiong-sim jîn-bu̍t chi-it. Clausius siōng tiōng-iàu-ê lūn-bûn sī i tī 1850 nî ê sî-chūn só͘ hoat-pió ê
Lūn Jia̍t ê Sóa-tāng Le̍k-liōng (
On the Moving Force of Heat); chit-phiⁿ mā sī bu̍t-lí-ha̍k ê le̍k-sú siōng, tē-it pái thê-chhut jia̍t-le̍k-ha̍k tē-jī tēng-lu̍t ê gián-kiù lūn-bûn. Jiân-āu, Clausius koh tī 1865 nî tēng-gī bu̍t-lí-ha̍k ê piàn-sò͘
entropy.
- ... he nā kā kán-tan ê khong-kan sió oan-khiau--chi̍t-ē koh liâm chò-hoé thang sán-seng chi̍t khoán kiò chò to-iūⁿ-thé (tô͘) ê sò͘-ha̍k khong-kan?
- ... he siang-tan-ūi ê khài-liām thang lī-ēng tī àm-bé-ha̍k, keng-kòe chi̍t khoán hō chò siang-tan-ūi pîn-lu̍t kong-kek (bigram frequency attack) ê hong-hoat lâi kái-phòa àm-bé?
- ... he choan-bûn teh gián-kiù chi̍p-ha̍p ê sò͘-ha̍k hun-iá chi̍p-ha̍p-lūn sī hiān-tāi sò͘-ha̍k ê ki-chhó͘ chi̍t hūn-chú?
...Bûn-khò͘/Ka-thiamKî-tha...
Kòe-soán ê sò͘-ha̍k piáu-sī
Tī
pêng-bīn iā khah-koân chhù-goân ê khong-kan thang ēng sì-ê tiám
P0,
P1,
P2 kap
P3 lâi tēng-gī chi̍t-ê sam-chhù Bézier khiau-sòaⁿ (
cubic Bézier curve).
Khiau-sòaⁿ ē tùi P0 khai-sí, hiòng P1 ê hong-hiòng kiâⁿ, kun-kù P2 ê hong-hiòng, khì kàu tī P3.
Siat BPi,Pj,Pk(t) chò ēng Pi, Pj, and Pk tiám lâi tēng-gī ê jī-chhù Bézier khiau-sòaⁿ, sam-chhù Bézier khiau-sòaⁿ ē-tàng hông tēng-gī chò nn̄g-ê jī-chhù khiau-sòaⁿ ê affine cho͘-ha̍p (affine combination). Chiàu t só͘ tit tio̍h ê khiau-sòaⁿ thang piáu-sī chò:
![{\displaystyle \mathbf {B} (t)=(1-t)\mathbf {B} _{\mathbf {P} _{0},\mathbf {P} _{1},\mathbf {P} _{2))(t)+t\mathbf {B} _{\mathbf {P} _{1},\mathbf {P} _{2},\mathbf {P} _{3))(t){\mbox{ , ))0\leq t\leq 1.}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6bc6ed7d58a9c9727a80878258754f9f79b472df)
Siá-bêng ê hêng-sek:
![{\displaystyle \mathbf {B} (t)=(1-t)^{3}\mathbf {P} _{0}+3(1-t)^{2}t\mathbf {P} _{1}+3(1-t)t^{2}\mathbf {P} _{2}+t^{3}\mathbf {P} _{3}{\mbox{ , ))0\leq t\leq 1.}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/504c44ca5c5f1da2b6cb1702ad9d1afa27cc1ee0)
...Bûn-khò͘/Ka-thiamKè-sio̍k...
Soán chhi̍h ► lâi khòaⁿ chhù-lūi-pia̍t
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