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古羅馬

羅馬疆域圖,王國時土微,歷共和、帝政,至極盛而衰,國土二分,復為蠻狄所滅。

羅馬,古名大秦,又名犁鞬,自號元老院與羅馬公民,以在海西,亦云海西國,又名拂菻,蓋始於公元前八世紀,始王乃羅慕路斯。初起,立國於七山丘上,陽盛陰微,遂以宴為名,誘得鄰族薩比奈之婦女,由是得以繁衍。並立元老院,以咨政事。凡七王,首四王悉農民,後三王乃商賈。至末王傲慢王,民病其敗行,遂起義,王不復立,以執政官代之,無有常人,簡立賢者,共和始建。

共和初,遣使希臘求習民主之法,立十二銅表法,旋許貴賤通婚,國日盛。破伊托魯里亞諸邦,拓土百里,然民心日腐,高盧趁機進取,佔羅馬城,獨餘卡匹托爾山,國亡無日,民心遂合,許高盧金三百公斤,始息兵。

阿匹亞大道

後大賢卡米勒斯當政,興革除弊,敗敵立盟。國遂中興,混一北。至阿匹烏斯主政,築馳道,舉國無有不達之處,故古諺曰「條條大道通羅馬」。

又數十年,爭霸地中海,敗希臘、迦太基諸邦,威震四夷。然為政者位高,國盛則權重,權重則心朽。公元前百年間,內戰頻仍,權力更迭不斷。先是凱撒、龐培、克拉蘇組「前三頭」同盟,然各懷鬼胎,遂敗盟以奪天下,終凱撒得位,旋死於元老之手。俄而其侄屋大維與安東尼、雷必達二人組「後三頭」同盟,後復互戰,終屋大維得天下,元老冠之尊號奧古斯都。奧古斯都者,羅馬皇帝也,共和國亡。

其人服飾
羅馬兵士

此間雖內戰不斷,仍拓土千里,高盧埃及塞琉西皆成行省,至帝政初,地方數千里,城四百餘,小國役屬者數十。

國內有松柏諸木百草。人俗力田作,多種樹桑。皆髡頭而衣文繡,乘輜軿白蓋小車,出入擊鼓,建旌旗旛幟。所居城邑,周圜百餘里。宮室皆以水精為柱,食器亦然。

其土多金銀奇寶,有夜光璧、明月珠、駭雞犀、珊瑚、琥珀、琉璃、琅玕、朱丹、青碧。刺金縷繡,織成金縷罽、雜色綾。作黃金塗、火浣布。又有細布,或言水羊毳,野蠶繭所作也。合會諸香,煎其汁以為蘇合。凡外國諸珍異皆出焉。以金銀為錢,銀錢十當金錢一。與安息天竺交市于海中,利有十倍。其人質直,市無二價。穀食常賤,國用富饒。鄰國使到其界首者,乘驛詣皇都,至則給以金錢。

其帝常欲通使于,而安息欲以漢繒綵與之交市,故遮閡不得自達。相傳,至桓帝延熹九年,安敦王遣使,自日南徼外獻象牙、犀角、瑇瑁,始乃一通焉。

其一西方天下,人民皆長大平正,有類中國,故古謂之大秦。歷五賢帝,極盛而衰,災異及風雨不時,輒廢而更立。

至戴克里先為帝,亂局方終,更易國制,法東方君臣之禮,並立四帝共治制,然禍根遂種。後其禪位,復歸田園,亂事又起,四帝混戰,終君士坦丁一世平定天下,創立新都君士坦丁堡羅馬城漸衰。其薨後數世,國二分,時盟時戰,西帝國終亡於蠻狄之手,永恒之城羅馬數遭兵革,財物盡去。東帝國仗其城堅,且屢有明君,得延祚千年。

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聲音動静,具錄於維基共享︰古羅馬

敘事完備,有條不紊,遂列正典
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古羅馬
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