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北魏

魏之所在
魏之所在
國體: 君主制
元首 皇帝
國都 平城、雒陽長安
國語 鮮卑語、漢語
立國 登國元年
道武帝即皇帝位
亡國 恭帝四年
魏恭帝廢位

後魏,或稱北魏元魏北朝始也。鮮卑拓跋部所建,後改元氏,故稱元魏。

初,拓跋部牧馬雲中,甘露三年,部大人拓跋力微徙盛樂,召集諸部,為大酋長。力微卒,諸部叛。元康五年,力微子祿官統部,分為中、東、西,自領東部。永嘉元年祿官卒,其弟猗盧總領三部,有騎四十餘萬。永嘉禍亂,中原紛擾,晉并州刺史劉琨表請封猗盧為代公,後進封代王。數傳至什翼犍,什翼犍嘗為質子,居襄國,多涉漢化。既即位,乃訂律令,置百官,趙建武四年改元建國。三年,營雲中盛樂宮,以為都。卅九年擊代,王兵敗亡走,被殺。

淝水之戰秦既敗,中原後亂,太安元年什翼犍孫後稱代王,次帝稱帝,改國號,改元登國。傳數代,至太武帝太延五年平定中原,下開北朝。

初都平城。太和十八年,孝文帝厲行漢化,乃遷都洛陽,移風易俗。然胡人久習北風,多有不服,終成六鎮之亂,魏乃衰弱。至永熙三年分為東西魏,後東魏為高洋篡、西魏為宇文覺篡。

魏世系

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代國諸王,太祖均追尊為皇帝

  • 魏始祖神元皇帝力微
  • 魏文皇帝沙漠汗 未為部大人
  • 魏章皇帝悉鹿
  • 魏平皇帝綽
  • 魏思皇帝弗
  • 魏昭皇帝祿官
  • 魏桓皇帝猗㐌
  • 魏穆皇帝猗盧
  • 魏文平皇帝普根
  • 魏哀皇帝 遺腹子,夭折,缺名
  • 魏太祖平文皇帝鬱律
  • 魏惠皇帝賀傉
  • 魏煬皇帝紇那
  • 魏烈皇帝翳槐
  • 魏高祖昭成皇帝什翼犍 代中斷
  • 魏獻明皇帝寔 太祖父也,追尊

實踐祚者

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東魏

為高洋所篡,魏亡

西魏

禪讓宇文覺,魏亡

敘事完備,有條不紊,遂列正典
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北魏
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