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Surgut

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Surgut — Rossiya Federatsiyasi XantiMansilar muxtor okrugidagi shahar (1965-yildan). 1975-yilda Tyumen sh. bilan temir yoʻl orqali bogʻlangan. Ob daryosining oʻng sohilidagi port. Aholisi 274,8 ming kishi (1998). S. 1593-yil Ostyak qalʼasi oʻrnida ostrog sifatida barpo qilingan. Shahar nomi unga yaqin boʻlgan Ob daryosining tarmoqchasi nomidan olingan. S. Sibirni ruslar tomonidan mustamlakaga aylantirishda tayanch markazi boʻlgan. 1782-yildan Tobolsk namestnichestvosidagi shahar. 1804—67 yillarda shahar maqomida boʻlmagan. 1868-yildan Tobolsk gubernyasi, 1898-yildan uyezdi markazi. 1920y.lar boshida aholisi kamligi bois shaharchaga aylantirilgan. 1930-yildan Tyumen viloyati tarkibidagi XantiMansilar milliy okrugida. 1950—60y.larda neft va gaz konlarining ochilishi munosabati bilan S. tez rivojlana boshladi. 1965-yilda shahar maqomini oldi. Neft qazib olish sanoatining yirik markazi. Gazni qayta ishlash, yogʻochsozlik, oziqovqat sanoatlari rivojlangan. Uyjoy qurilish, baliqni qayta ishlash ktlari bor. Oliy oʻquv yurti, oʻrta maxsus bilim yurtlari, oʻlkashunoslik muzeyi mavjud.




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Surgut
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