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Palaeanodonta

Palaeanodontlar
Yaşadığı dönem aralığı: 62-35 myö
Torrejoniyen-Oligosen[1] 
Yukarıdan aşağıya: Ernanodon antelios, Xenocranium pileorivale ve Metacheiromys marshi
Biyolojik sınıflandırma Bu sınıflandırmayı düzenle
Âlem: Animalia
Şube: Chordata
Sınıf: Mammalia
Klad: Pholidotamorpha
Takım: Palaeanodonta
Matthew, 1918
Cinsler ve Familyalar
  • Familya: †Epoicotheriidae
  • Familya: †Ernanodontidae
  • Familya: †Escavadodontidae
  • Familya: †Metacheiromyidae (parafiletik familya)
  • Incertae sedis:
    • Cins: †Amelotabes
    • Cins: †Arcticanodon
    • Cins: †Melaniella
Sinonimler
  • Ernodonta (Ding, 1987)
  • Ernanodonta (Ding, 1987)[2]
  • Palaeanodontiformes (Kinman, 1994)
  • Palaenodontina (Pearse, 1936)[3]

Palaeanodonta ("eski dişsiz hayvanlar"), soyu tükenmiş bir kök pangolin kladıdır. Böcekçildiler, muhtemelen kazıcılardı ve Kuzey Amerika, Avrupa ve Doğu Asya'da Erken Paleosen'den Erken Oligosen'e kadar yaşadılar.[4][5][6]

Sınıflandırma ve filogeni

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Geleneksel sınıflandırma

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  • Takım: † Palaeanodonta (Matta, 1918) (kök-pangolinler)[6]
    • Aile: † Epoicotheriidae (Simpson, 1927)
    • Aile: † Escavadodontidae (Rose & Lucas, 2000)
    • Aile: † Metacheiromyidae (Wortman, 1903)
    • Incertae sedis :
      • Cins: † Amelotabes (Rose, 1978)
      • Cins: † Arcticanodon (Rose, 2004)
      • Cins: † Melaniella (Fox, 1984)

Yeni sınıflandırma

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  • Kök: † Palaeanodonta (Matta, 1918) (kök-pangolinler)[6]
    • Aile: † Epoicotheriidae (Simpson, 1927)
      • Cins: † Alocodontulum (Gül, 1978)
        • Alocodontulum atopum (Gül, 1977)
      • Cins: † Auroratherium (Tong & Wang, 1997)
        • Auroratherium sinense (Tong & Wang, 1997)
      • Cins: † Dipassalus (Rose, 1991)
        • Dipassalus oryctes (Gül, 1991)
      • Cins: † Pentapassalus (Gazin, 1952)
        • Pentapassalus pearcei (Gazin, 1952)
        • Pentapassalus woodi (Guthrie, 1967)
      • Cins: † Tubulodon (Jepsen, 1932)
        • Tubulodon taylori (Jepsen, 1932)
      • Alt familya: † Epoicotheriinae (Simpson, 1927)
        • Cins: † Epoicotherium (Simpson, 1927)
          • Epoicotherium unicum (Douglass, 1905)
        • Cins: † Molaetherium (Storch & Rummel, 1999)
          • Molaetherium heissigi (Storch & Rummel, 1999)
        • Cins: † Tetrapassalus (Simpson, 1959)
          • Tetrapassalus mckennai (Simpson, 1959)
          • Tetrapassalus proius (West, 1973)
        • Cins: † Xenocranium (Colbert, 1942)
          • Xenocranium pileorivale (Colbert, 1942)
    • Aile: † Ernanodontidae (Ting, 1979)
      • Cins: † Asiabradypus (Nessov, 1987)
        • Asiabradypus incompositus (Nessov, 1987)
      • Cins: † Ernanodon (Ting, 1979)
        • Ernanodon antelios (Ting, 1979)
    • Aile: † Escavadodontidae (Rose & Lucas, 2000)
      • Cins: † Escavadodon (Rose & Lucas, 2000)
        • Escavadodon zigus (Rose & Lucas, 2000)
    • Aile: † Metacheiromyidae (parafiletik aile) (Wortman, 1903)
      • Cins: † Brachianodon (Gunnell & Gingerich, 1993)
        • Brachianodon westorum (Gunnell & Gingerich, 1993)
      • Cins: † Mylanodon (Secord, 2002)
        • Metacheiromys dasypus (Secord, 2002)
      • Alt aile: † Metacheiromyinae (parafiletik alt aile) (Wortman, 1903)
        • Cins: † Metacheiromys (Wortman, 1903)
          • Metacheiromys dasypus (Osborn, 1904)
          • Metacheiromys marshi (Wortman, 1903)
        • Cins: † Palaeanodon (Matta, 1918)
          • Palaeanodon ignavus (Matta, 1918)
          • Palaeanodon nievelti (Gingerich, 1989)
          • Palaeanodon parvulus (Matta, 1918)
      • Alt aile: † Propalaeanodontinae (Schoch, 1984)
        • Cins: † Propalaeanodon (Gül, 1979)
          • Palaeanodon parvulus (Gül, 1979)
    • Incertae sedis :
      • Cins: † Amelotabes (Rose, 1978)
        • Amelotabes simpsoni (Gül, 1978)
      • Cins: † Arcticanodon (Rose, 2004)
        • Arcticanodon dawsonae (Gül, 2004)
      • Cins: † Melaniella (Fox, 1984)
        • Melaniella timosa (Fox, 1984)

Filogenetik ağaç

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Paleonodonta'nın filogenetik ilişkilerin aşağıdaki kladogramda gösterilmiştir:[4][5][6]

 Pholidotamorpha 

Pholidota (sensu stricto)

 †Palaeanodonta 

Escavadodontidae

 ? 

Amelotabes

 ? 

Melaniella

Epoicotheriidae

 ? 

Arcticanodon

Metacheiromyidae

Propalaeanodontinae

Mylanodon

Brachianodon

Palaeanodon

Metacheiromys

Ernanodontidae

Metacheiromyinae
 (Pholidota [sensu lato]) 
  1. ^ "Palaeanodonta". paleobiodb.org. 13 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 13 Ağustos 2021. 
  2. ^ Averianov, A. O. & Lopatin, A. V. (2014.) "High-level systematics of placental mammals: Current status of the problem." Biology Bulletin, 41(9), 801–816.
  3. ^ Arthur Sperry Pearse (1936.) "Zoological names. A list of phyla, classes, and orders, prepared for section F, American Association for the Advancement of Science" American Association for the Advancement of Science
  4. ^ a b Kenneth D. Rose (2008). "9 - Palaeanodonta and Pholidota". doi:10.1017/CBO9780511541438.010. 
  5. ^ a b Gaudin (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media. 16 (4): 235-305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9. 25 Eylül 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2021. 
  6. ^ a b c d Kondrashov (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983-1001. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634. 
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Palaeanodonta
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