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MEHMO sendromu

MEHMO sendromu, X-kromozomu aracılığıyla resesif (XLR) yolla aktarılan bir sendromdur; 50’nin üzerindeki “zeka geriliği” sendromlar kümesinin bir elemanıdır.[1][2][3]

Fizik ve psikomotor gelişme geriliği vardır. Mikrosefali saptanır; kafatası yanlardan sıkıştırılmış gibidir ve uzun bir yüz yapısı vardır. Şaşılık (strabismus), iri kulak kepçeleri ve geniş-uzun yanaklar dikkat çekicidir. Ağız açıktır. Ağız içi incelemede, yarık dudak, yarık damak ve dişler arasında geniş aralıkları (diastema) saptanır.[1]

Mikrosefali

[2][3][4][5][6]

Erkek çocuklarında penis küçüktür. Büyüme hormonu yetersizliği ve hipogonadizm bulguları (puberte gecikmesi) vardır. Hipoglisemi atakları olabilir. Aşil tendonu kısadır.[1][2][3][4][5]

Beyinde corpus callosum incedir (hipoplazi), ventriküller geniştir ve beyaz madde kalınlığı yetersizdir. Belirgin bir psikomotor gerilik nedeniyle spastik görünüm, reflekslerde artma, yürüme ve konuşma güçlüğü ve hipotoni saptanır. Hastaların bir bölümünde epileptiform ataklar izlenir. Saldırganlık (agresyon) ve otistik davranışlar sergilerler.[1][2][3][5]

  1. ^ a b c d Leshinsky-Silver E, Zinger A, Bibi CN, et al. MEHMO (mental retardation, epileptic seizures, hypogenitalism, microcephaly, obesity): a new X-linked mitochondrial disorder. European Journal of Human Genetics, 10: 226-230, 2002
  2. ^ a b c d Moortgat S, Desir J, Benoit V, et al. Two novel EIF2S3 mutations associated with syndromic intellectual disability with severe microcephaly, growth retardation, and epilepsy. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 170A: 2927-2933, 2016
  3. ^ a b c d Skopkova M, Hennig F, Shin B-S, et al. EIF2S3 mutations associated with severe X-linked intellectual disability syndrome MEHMO. Human Mutation, 38: 409-425, 2017
  4. ^ a b Cohen MM Jr. Malformations of the Craniofacial Region: Evolutionary, Embryonic, Genetic, and Clinical Perspectives. American Journal of Medical Genetics (Seminars in Medical Genetics), 115:245-268, 2002
  5. ^ a b c Dufresne CR, Jelks GW. Classification of Craniofacial Malformations. In: Smith and Nesi’s Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (pp.1051-1072), (Black E, Nesi F, Calvano C, Gladstone G, Levine M, editors), 3rd edition, Springer, New York, 2012
  6. ^ DeLuke DM, Haug RH. Syndromes of the Head and Neck. Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2014
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MEHMO sendromu
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