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Baraitser-Winter sendromu

Hipertelorizm

Baraitser-Winter sendromu (cerebrofrontofacial sendrom), otosomal dominant yolla aktarılan kalıtsal bir sendromdur; 2 fenotipi vardır.[1][2] Genel gelişme geriliği izlenir. Kraniyosinostoz nedenli trigonosefali ve mikrosefali saptanır.[3] Boyun kısadır. Hipertelorizm saptanır, kaş çıkıntıları yüksektedir. Göz kapakları iridir ve bilateral ptozis saptanır. Mikroftalmi ile iris ve retina defektleri (koloboma) izlenir. Kulak kepçeleri küçüktür ve aşağıdadır; işitme sorunları vardır. Burun sırtı kalın, ucu büyüktür. Uzun bir filtrum altında ince bir üst dudak bulunur. Alt dudak kalındır. Üst dudak ve damak yarıktır. Altçene geridedir (retrognati).[4] Omurga sisteminde kifoz ve skolyoz türü malformasyonlar saptanır. Başparmak sayısı birden fazladır (polidaktili). Değişik oranlarda konjenital kalp anomalileri ve ürogenital anomaliler görülür.[5] Beyinde corpus callosum anomalileri (hipoplazi, aplazi) ile frontal lob anomalisi saptanır; epilepsi ve zeka geriliği bulguları vardır.[6] Genel hipotoninin yanı sıra omuz kaslarında giderek artan güçsüzlük görülür. Deri lenfoması ve lösemi riski yüksektir.[5]


  1. ^ Rivière JB, van Bon BW, Hoischen A, et al. De novo mutations in the actin genes ACTB and ACTG1 cause Baraitser-Winter syndrome. Nature Genetics, 44(4):440-444, 2012
  2. ^ Di Donato N, Rump A, Koenig R, et al. Severe forms of Baraitser-Winter syndrome are caused by ACTB mutations rather than ACTG1 mutations. European Journal of Human Genetics, 22:179–183, 2014
  3. ^ Cohen MM Jr. Malformations of the Craniofacial Region: Evolutionary, Embryonic, Genetic, and Clinical Perspectives. American Journal of Medical Genetics (Seminars in Medical Genetics), 115:245-268, 2002
  4. ^ Gorlin RJ, Cohen MM Jr, Hennekam RC. Syndromes of the Head and Neck. 4th ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 2001
  5. ^ a b Verloes A, Di Donato N, Masliah-Planchon, et al. Baraitser–Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome: delineation of the spectrum in 42 cases. European Journal of Human Genetics, (23):292–301, 2015
  6. ^ Rossi M, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB, et al. Characterization of brain malformations in the Baraitser-Winter syndrome and review of the literature. Neuropediatrics, 34:287–292, 2003
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Baraitser-Winter sendromu
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