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Ngwini

Ngwini
Ngwini wa Afrika
Ngwini wa Afrika
Uainishaji wa kisayansi
Himaya: Animalia (Wanyama)
Faila: Chordata (Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)
Ngeli: Aves (Ndege)
Oda: Sphenisciformes (Ndege kama ngwini)
Familia: Spheniscidae (Ndege walio na mnasaba na ngwini)
Jenasi: Aptenodytes J.F. Miller, 1778

Eudyptes Vieillot, 1816
Eudyptula Bonaparte, 1856
Megadyptes Milne-Edwards, 1880
Pygoscelis Wagler, 1832
Spheniscus Brisson, 1760

Ngwini au Pengwini ni ndege wa bahari katika familia Spheniscidae. Ndege hawa hawawezi kuruka angani lakini chini ya maji huenda kama “kuruka”. Kwa kweli, wanaishi baharini nusu ya mwaka na wanarudi nchi kavu ili kuzaa tu. Kwa kawaida ngwini ni weupe kwa kidari na tumbo na weusi kwa mgongo (aina ya kamafleji). Huwakamata nduvi (krill), samaki, ngisi na wanyama wengine wadogo wa bahari. Hata kama kwa kawaida ngwini huhusishwa na barafu ya Antakitiki, spishi nyingi huyataga mayai yao kwa pwani za visiwa zenye miamba au ndani ya mashimo ambayo ngwini wameyachimba. Jike huyataga mayai mawili, lakini yule wa spishi za Aptenodytes hulitaga moja tu. Jike na dume huatamia mayai kwa zamu, lakini kwa kawaida kinda moja hutoka tu au kinda moja analishwa tu. Aptenodytes forsteri (Emperor Penguin) huzaa mbali na bahari juu ya barafu ya Bara la Antakitiki. Dume hutamia yai wakati jike anapotafuta chakula cha kumpa kinda.

Spishi za Afrika

[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Spishi za mabara mengine

[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Spishi za kabla ya historia

[hariri | hariri chanzo]
  • Eudyptes sp. (Chatham Islands Penguin) (Mwisho wa Quaternary? ya Visiwa vya Chatham)
  • Pygoscelis calderensis (Mwisho wa Miocene ya Bahía Inglesa, Chile)
  • Pygoscelis grandis (Mwisho wa Miocene/Mwanzo wa Pliocene ya Bahía Inglesa, Chile)
  • Pygoscelis tyreei (Tyree's Penguin) (Pliocene ya Nyuzilandi)
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Ngwini
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