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Xiphos

Antika svärd, figur 1-3: Xihphos, figur 4: Makhaira

Xiphos (grekiska: ξίφος)[1] var ett grekiskt enhandssvärd som agerade sekundärt vapen för de grekiska hopliterna under järnåldern. [2] Svärdet var cirka 65 centimeter långt och användes främst då spjutet (dorun) var oanvändbart eller otillgängligt under strid. Det bars i regel i ett bälte under armen.[3]

De första enhandssvärden av denna modell var tillverkade i brons. Tillverkningen gick sedan över till järn och stål och de flesta fynden av xiphos-svärd är följaktligen järnsvärd.[4]

Också spartanerna utformade svärd av typen xiphos,[5] som till längden var cirka 30 cm.

  1. ^ Henry George Liddell och Robert Scott (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Clarendon Press, Oxford. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=ci/fos. Läst 16 april 2014 
  2. ^ Mary R. Lefkowitz,Guy MacLean Rogers (red.) (1996). Black Athena Revisited. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, USA. sid. 199. ISBN 0-8078-4555-8. http://books.google.se/books?id=97jwg1Xwpj0C&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=xiphos+etymologi&source=bl&ots=ZSMc2OkImG&sig=GHXX4QbzCkDIVwqXGz4zUWdX6SU&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=iB9OU-tfyejLA7H3gYgE&ved=0CGgQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=xiphos%20etymologi&f=false. Läst 16 april 2014 
  3. ^ George Cameron Stone (1999 (originalutgåva 1934)). A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration, and Use of Arms and Armor – in All Countries and in All Times. Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-40726-5. http://books.google.se/books?id=chVfUm2Hz3MC&printsec=frontcover&dq=A+Glossary+of+the+Construction,+Decoration,+and+Use+of+Arms+and+Armor&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=vxROU_HzD8X_ygOgioHACA&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=A%20Glossary%20of%20the%20Construction%2C%20Decoration%2C%20and%20Use%20of%20Arms%20and%20Armor&f=false. Läst 16 april 2014 
  4. ^ Richard F. Burton (1987 (originalutgåva 1884). The Book of the Sword. Dover Publications, New York. sid. 223. ISBN 978-1-4116-1703-2. http://books.google.se/books?id=GJmrEX63LZUC&pg=PA223&dq=Xiphos&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=1hdOU-CXOIz6yAO5soHQBw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Xiphos&f=false. Läst 16 april 2014 
  5. ^ David Gray (2007). The History That Was Never Spoken. Lulu Inc. sid. 28. ISBN 0-486-25434-8. http://books.google.se/books?id=XRtJo9RuBGsC&pg=PA28&dq=Xiphos&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=1hdOU-CXOIz6yAO5soHQBw&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Xiphos&f=false. Läst 16 april 2014 
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Xiphos
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