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Sijalinska kiselina

Sijalinska kiselina je opšti termin za N- ili O-supstituisane derivate neuraminske kiseline, monosaharida čija osnova sadrži devet ugljenika.[1] Ovaj termin se isto tako koristi kao ime najraprostranjenijeg člana ove grupe, N-acetilneuraminske kiseline (Neu5Ac ili NANA). Sijalinska kiselina je široko zastupljena u životinjskim tkivima i u manjoj meri kod drugih vrsta, uglavnom u obliku glikoproteina i gangliozida. Amino grupa obično nosi bilo acetil ili glikolil grupu, mada je i niz drugih modifikacija poznat. Hidroksilni supstituenti mogu znatno da variraju; acetil, laktil, metil, sulfat, i fosfatne grupe su nađene.[2]

N-acetilneuraminska kiselina i Kdn, dve sijalinske kiseline
Anomerna konfiguracija neuraminske kiseline

Numerisanje strukture sijalinske kiseline počinje od karboksilatnog ugljenika i nastavlja se oko lanca. Konfiguracija koja stavlja ugljeni hidrat u aksijalnu poziciju je alfa-anomer.

U bakterijskim sistemima, sijalinske kiseline se biosintetišu posredstvom enzima aldolaza. Taj enzim koristi derivate manoze kao supstrate, i umeće tri ugljenika iz piruvata u rezultujuću strukturu sijalinske kiseline. Ti enzimi mogu da se koriste za hemoenzimatsku sintezu derivata sijalinske kiseline.[3]

Biosinteza sijalinske kiselne posredstvom bakterijske aldolaze.
  1. ^ Varki, Ajit; Schauer, Roland (2008). in Essentials of Glycobiology. Cold Spring Harbor Press. стр. Ch. 14. 
  2. ^ „Achievements and challenges of sialic acid research”. Glycoconj. J. 17 (7–9): 485—499. 2000. PMID 11421344. doi:10.1023/A:1011062223612.  |first1= захтева |last1= у Authors list (помоћ)
  3. ^ Yu, Hai; Chokhawala, Harshal; Huang, Shengshu & Chen, Xi (2006). „One-pot three-enzyme chemoenzymatic approach to the synthesis of sialosides containing natural and non-natural functionalities”. Nature Protocols. 1 (5): 2485—2492. PMC 2586341Слободан приступ. PMID 17406495. doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.401. 


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Sijalinska kiselina
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