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Opisthokont

Opisthokonta
Vremenski raspon:
632–0 Ma[1]
Proterozoic
Archean
Životinjski spermatozoid sa posteriornom flagelom pokušava da prodre u jajnu ćeliju
Naučna klasifikacija e
Domen: Eukaryota
Kladus: Amorphea
Kladus: Obazoa
(nerangirano): Opisthokonta
Copeland 1956,[2] emend. Cavalier-Smith 1987,[3] emend. Adl et al. 2005[4]
Podgrupe
Sinonimi

Choanozoa

Opisthokont (grč. ὀπίσθιος [opísthios] = "rear, posterior" + κοντός [kontós] = "pole" i.e. "flagellum") ili Choanozoa, je naziv za široku grupu eukariota, čime su obuhvaćena životinjska i gljivična carstva,[5] zajedno sa eukariotskim mikroorganizmima koji se ponekad grupišu u parafiletički razdeo Choanozoa (konvencionalno dodeljen carstvu protista).[6] Opisthokonti, koji se ponekad nazivaju „gljivično/metazoanskom” grupom,[7] se generalno prepoznaju kao monofilijska klada, i smatraju se baznom kladom Obazoa, sestrom ApusomonadidaBreviata klada.[6][8][9][10][11]

  1. ^ Parfrey, Laura Wegener; Lahr, Daniel J. G.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Katz, Laura A. (16. 8. 2011). „Estimating the timing of early eukaryotic diversification with multigene molecular clocks”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108 (33): 13624–13629. PMC 3158185Слободан приступ. PMID 21810989. doi:10.1073/pnas.1110633108. Архивирано из оригинала 18. 02. 2019. г. Приступљено 16. 10. 2017. 
  2. ^ Copeland, H. F. (1956). The Classification of Lower Organisms. Palo Alto: Pacific Books.
  3. ^ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1987). „The origin of fungi and pseudofungi”. Ур.: Rayner, Alan D. M. Evolutionary biology of Fungi. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. стр. 339—353. ISBN 0-521-33050-5. 
  4. ^ Adl, S.M.; et al. (2005). „The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists”. Journal of eukaryotic microbiology. 52: 399—451. PMID 16248873. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x. 
  5. ^ Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Minge MA, Espelund M, et al. (7. 5. 2008). Aramayo R, ур. „Multigene phylogeny of choanozoa and the origin of animals”. PLoS ONE. 3 (5): e2098. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2098S. PMC 2346548Слободан приступ. PMID 18461162. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002098. 
  6. ^ а б Steenkamp ET, Wright J, Baldauf SL (2006). „The protistan origins of animals and fungi”. Mol. Biol. Evol. 23 (1): 93—106. PMID 16151185. doi:10.1093/molbev/msj011. 
  7. ^ „Fungi/Metazoa group”. Архивирано из оригинала 22. 09. 2012. г. Приступљено 2009-03-08. 
  8. ^ Huang, Jinling; Xu, Ying; Gogarten, Johann Peter (2005). „The presence of a haloarchaeal type tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase marks the opisthokonts as monophyletic”. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 22 (11): 2142—2146. PMID 16049196. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi221. 
  9. ^ Parfrey, Laura Wegener; et al. (2006). „Evaluating support for the current classification of eukaryotic diversity”. PLOS Genetics. 2 (12): e220. PMC 1713255Слободан приступ. PMID 17194223. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020220. 
  10. ^ Torruella, Guifré; et al. (2012). „Phylogenetic relationships within the Opisthokonta based on phylogenomic analyses of conserved single-copy protein domains”. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 29 (2): 531—544. PMC 3350318Слободан приступ. PMID 21771718. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr185. 
  11. ^ Eme, Laura; Sharpe, Susan C.; Brown, Matthew W.; Roger, Andrew J. (2014-08-01). „On the Age of Eukaryotes: Evaluating Evidence from Fossils and Molecular Clocks”. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (на језику: енглески). 6 (8): a016139. ISSN 1943-0264. PMID 25085908. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016139. 

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Opisthokont
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