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Hiperboloid

Hiperboloid je kvadrik (ploskev drugega reda) v treh razsežnostih. Nastopa v dveh oblikah kot:

  • enodelni hiperboloid
  • dvodelni hiperboloid

Imenuje se tudi eliptična hiperboloida. Kadar je , se dobi rotacijski hiperboloid.

Mejna oblika med njima je dvojni stožec.

Enodelni hiperboloid

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Enodelni hiperboloid

Enodelni hiperboloid se opiše z enačbo:


Dvodelni hiperboloid

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Dvodelni hiperboloid.

Dvodelni hiperboloid se opiše z enačbo:

Pri dvodelnem hiperboloidu je ploskev sestavljena iz dveh delov, ki pa se ne dotikata.

Degenerirana oblika

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Degenerirani hiperboloid ima obliko:

Kadar je , se dobi stožec, kadar pa sta in različna, se dobi eliptični stožec.

Prva hiperboloidna struktura na 37 metrov visokem vodnem stolpu, ki ga je zgradil Vladimir Grigorjevič Šuhov, Nižni Novgorod, Rusija, 1896

Hiperboloidne strukture

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Glavni članek: hiperboloidna struktura.

Enodelni hiperboloidi se uporabljajo za konstrukcije zgradb. Te strukture se imenujejo hiperboloidne strukture. Značilen primer so hladilni stolpi, ki se uporabljajo v elektrarnah (toplotnih in jedrskih). Ker je hiperboloid ploskev, ki se jo dobi tudi s pomočjo premic, ki ležijo na ploskvi hiperboloida, je zelo ugodno za gradnjo z uporabo minimalnih količin materiala. Podobno se gradijo tudi vodni stolpi.

Glej tudi

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Zunanje povezave

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  • Zgledi animacije Arhivirano 2010-11-23 na Wayback Machine. (angleško)
  • Weisstein, Eric Wolfgang. »Hyperboloid«. MathWorld.
  • Hiperboloid Arhivirano 2011-03-07 na Wayback Machine. (angleško)
  • Hiperboloid v Encyclopedia of Science (angleško)
  • Hiperboloid Arhivirano 2009-10-03 na Wayback Machine. v Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics (angleško)
  • Weisstein, Eric Wolfgang. »Elliptic Hyperboloid«. MathWorld.
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Hiperboloid
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