Voiced alveolar fricative
| Voiced alveolar fricative | |
|---|---|
| z | |
| IPA Number | 133 |
| Encoding | |
| Entity (decimal) | z |
| Unicode (hex) | U+007A |
| X-SAMPA | z |
The voiced alveolar fricative is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨z⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨z⟩.
Features
[change | change source]- The phonation is voiced. This means that the vocal cords vibrate while the sound is being pronounced.
- The place of articulation (where the sound is produced) is alveolar. This means that this sound is produced with the tip of the tongue (apical) or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge (laminal).
- The manner of articulation (how the sound is produced) is fricative. This means that this sound is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, to make turbulence.
Examples
[change | change source]| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe | зы |  [ˈzə] (help·info) |
'one' | |
| Albanian | zjarr | [zjar] | 'fire' | |
| Arabic | Standard[1] | زائِر | [ˈzaːʔir] | 'visitor' |
| Assamese | জলকীয়া | [zɔlɔkija] | 'chili' | |
| Assyrian | ܙܢ̱ܓܐ zìga | [ziɡa] | 'bell' | |
| Bengali | নামাজ | [namaz] | 'Salat' | |
| Breton | iliz | [iliz] | 'church' | |
| Chechen | зурма / zurma | [zuɾma] | 'music' | |
| Dutch[2][3] | zaad | [z̻aːt̻] | 'seed' | |
| Emilian and Romagnol | raṡån | [raːz̺ʌŋ] | 'reason' | |
| English | zoo | [zuː] | 'zoo' | |
| Esperanto | kuzo | [ˈkuzo] | 'cousin' | |
| Georgian[4] | ზარი | [ˈzɑɾi] | 'bell' | |
| Greek | Athens dialect[5] | ζάλη / záli | [ˈz̻ali] | 'dizziness' |
| Hebrew | זאב | [zeˈʔev] | 'wolf' | |
| Hindustani | Hindi | ज़मीन | [zəmiːn] | 'land' |
| Urdu | زمین | |||
| Japanese[6] | 全部 / zenbu | [zembɯ] | 'everything' | |
| Kabardian | зы | [ˈzə] (help·info) |
'one' | |
| Kalaw Lagaw Ya | zilamiz | [zilʌmiz] | 'go' | |
| Kashmiri | ज़ानुन / زانُن | [zaːnun] | 'to know' | |
| Khmer | បែលហ្ស៊ិក / bêlhsĭk | [ɓaelzɨk] | noun: 'Belgium', 'Belgian(s)' adjective: 'Belgian' | |
| Malay | beza | [bezə] | 'difference' | |
| Maltese | żelu | [zelu] | 'zeal' | |
| Marathi | जर | [zər] | 'if' | |
| Occitan | Limousin | jòune | [ˈzɒwne] | 'young' |
| Polish | Ꜯbak | [zbæ:k] | 'ångstrom' | |
| Persian | گوز | [guz] | 'fart' | |
| Portuguese[7] | casa | [ˈkazɐ] | 'house' | |
| Punjabi | ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ | [zɪnˈd̪əgi] | 'life' | |
| Spanish | Andalusian | comunismo | [ko̞muˈnizmo̞] | 'Communism' |
| Latin American | ||||
| Filipino | ||||
| Mexican | isla | [ˈiz.lä] | 'island' | |
| Swahili | lazima | [lɑzimɑ] | 'must' | |
| West Frisian[8] | sizze | [ˈsɪzə] | 'to say' | |
| Yi | ꍂ / ssy | [zɹ̩˧] | 'generation' | |
| Yiddish | זון / zien | [zin] | 'son' | |
| Zapotec | Tilquiapan[9] | guanaz | [ɡʷanaz] | 'went to grab' |
References
[change | change source]- ↑ Thelwall, Robin (1990), "Arabic", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 20 (2): 37–41, doi:10.1017/S0025100300004266, S2CID 243640727
- ↑ Gussenhoven, Carlos (1999), "Dutch", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 74–77, ISBN 978-0-521-65236-0
- ↑ Collins, Beverley; Mees, Inger M. (2003) [First published 1981], The Phonetics of English and Dutch (5th ed.), Leiden: Brill Publishers, ISBN 978-9004103405
- ↑ Shosted, Ryan K.; Chikovani, Vakhtang (2006), "Standard Georgian" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 36 (2): 255–264, doi:10.1017/S0025100306002659
- ↑ Adams, Douglas Q. (1975), "The Distribution of Retracted Sibilants in Medieval Europe", Language, 51 (2): 282–292, doi:10.2307/412855, JSTOR 412855
- ↑ Okada, Hideo (1999), "Japanese", in International Phonetic Association (ed.), Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge University Press, pp. 117–119, ISBN 978-0-52163751-0
- ↑ Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 25 (2): 90–94, doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223, S2CID 249414876
- ↑ Sipma, Pieter (1913), Phonology & grammar of modern West Frisian, London: Oxford University Press
- ↑ Merrill, Elizabeth (2008), "Tilquiapan Zapotec" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 38 (1): 107–114, doi:10.1017/S0025100308003344
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