වෝර්සෝ ගිවිසුම

Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance
Warsaw Pact
	The Warsaw Pact in 1990
සංක්ෂිප්තය	TFCMA, WP
අනුප්‍රාප්තිකයා	Collective Security Treaty Organization
සංස්ථාපනය කෙරුණේ	14 මැයි 1955
ප්‍රාරම්බනය කෙරුණු ස්ථානය	Warsaw, Poland
විසුරුවා හැරීම	1 ජූලි 1991
මූලස්ථානය	Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Membership	Albania; Bulgaria; Czechoslovakia; East Germany; Hungary; Poland; Romania; සෝවියට් සංගමය;
Supreme commander	Ivan Konev (first); Pyotr Lushev (last);
Chief of combined staff	Aleksei Antonov (first); Vladimir Lobov (last);
Affiliations	Council for Mutual Economic Assistance

වෝර්සෝ ගිවිසුම (ඉංග්‍රීසි: Warsaw Pact, WP) යනු නැගෙනහිර යුරෝපා රටවල් අතර සෝවියට් දේශයේ ප්‍රධානත්වයෙන් බිහි වූ ගිවිසුමකි.

අමතර අවධානයට

Eastern Bloc
Finno-Soviet Treaty of 1948 – treaty that defined Finland's level of neutrality towards Soviet Union
- Finlandization – the USSR's influence on Finland following the treaty
Russosphere
Soviet Empire
Sovietization
Treaty of friendship – any treaty establishing close ties between countries

සවිස්තරාත්මක සටහන්

^ Independent permanent non-Soviet member since 1961, because of the Albanian–Soviet split, formally withdrew in 1968.
^ Formally withdrew in September 1990.
^ Independent permanent non-Soviet member of the Warsaw Pact, having freed itself from its Soviet satellite status by the early 1960s.^[1]^[2]

මූලාශ්‍ර

උපහරණ

^ Tismaneanu, Vladimir; Stan, Marius (2018). Romania Confronts Its Communist Past: Democracy, Memory, and Moral Justice. Cambridge University Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-1107025929.
^ Cook, Bernard A.; Cook, Bernard Anthony (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2. Taylor & Francis. p. 1075. ISBN 978-0815340584.

භාහිර සබැඳි

"What was the Warsaw Pact?". North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
The Woodrow Wilson Center Cold War International History Project's Warsaw Pact Document Collection
Parallel History Project on Cooperative Security
Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series / Soviet Union / Appendix C: The Warsaw Pact (1989)
Map of Russia and the Warsaw Pact (omniatlas.com)
Soviet Nuclear Weapons in Hungary 1961–1991
The Warsaw Pact, 1955–1968 by Hugh Collins Embry. Contain extensive documentation of the Pact's first 13 years.

ප්‍රවර්ග

[1] Independent permanent non-Soviet member since 1961, because of the Albanian–Soviet split, formally withdrew in 1968.

[2] Formally withdrew in September 1990.

[5] Independent permanent non-Soviet member of the Warsaw Pact, having freed itself from its Soviet satellite status by the early 1960s.^[1]^[2]

[:0-3] Tismaneanu, Vladimir; Stan, Marius (2018). Romania Confronts Its Communist Past: Democracy, Memory, and Moral Justice. Cambridge University Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-1107025929.

[:1-4] Cook, Bernard A.; Cook, Bernard Anthony (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2. Taylor & Francis. p. 1075. ISBN 978-0815340584.

[a]

[b]

[c]

[1]

[2]

v t e Countries of Eastern and Central Europe during their Communist period
	Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia East Germany Hungary Poland Romania Yugoslavia
	Soviet Russia / Soviet Union: 1917–1927 1927–1953 1953–1964 1964–1982 1982–1991
	Byelorussia Ukraine
	Eastern Bloc Warsaw Pact Comecon

v t e Eastern Bloc
Soviet Union Communism
Formation	Secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact protocol Soviet invasion of Poland Soviet occupations Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina Baltic states Hungary Romania Afghanistan Yalta Conference
Annexed as, or into, SSRs	Eastern Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Memel East Prussia West Belarus/Eastern Poland Western Ukraine/Eastern Poland Central Bessarabia
Satellite states	Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Hungarian People's Republic Polish People's Republic Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Socialist Republic of Romania Mongolian People's Republic German Democratic Republic People's Republic of Albania (to 1961) People's Republic of Bulgaria Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (to 1948)
Annexing SSRs	Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Byelorussian SSR
Organizations	Cominform COMECON Warsaw Pact World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY)
Revolts and opposition	Welles Declaration Goryani Movement Guerrilla war in the Baltic states Ukrainian Insurgent Army Operation Jungle Baltic state continuity Baltic Legations (1940–1991) Cursed soldiers 1949 East German State Railway strike Rebellion of Cazin 1950 1953 uprising in Plzeň 1953 East German uprising 1956 Georgian demonstrations 1956 Poznań protests 1956 Hungarian Revolution Novocherkassk massacre 1965 Yerevan demonstrations Prague Spring / Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia Brezhnev Doctrine 1968 Red Square demonstration 1968 student demonstrations in Yugoslavia 1970 Polish protests Croatian Spring 1972 unrest in Lithuania SSR June 1976 protests 1979 Herat uprising Solidarity / Soviet reaction / Martial law 1981 protests in Kosovo Reagan Doctrine Jeltoqsan Karabakh movement April 9 tragedy End of Communism in Hungary Romanian Revolution Black January
Cold War events	Marshall Plan Berlin Blockade Tito–Stalin Split 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 1961 Berlin Wall crisis Intervention in Afghanistan
Conditions	Emigration and defection (list of defectors) Sovietization of the Baltic states Information dissemination Politics Economies Telephone tapping
Decline	Revolutions of 1989 Die Wende Fall of the Berlin Wall Fall of the inner German border Troop withdrawal from Afghanistan End of Communism in Hungary Velvet Revolution Romanian Revolution Fall of communism in Albania Singing Revolution Collapse of the Soviet Union Dissolution of Czechoslovakia January 1991 events in Lithuania January 1991 events in Latvia Fall of communism in Afghanistan Breakup of Yugoslavia Yugoslav Wars

v t e Marxism–Leninism
Concepts	Administrative-command system Aggravation of class struggle under socialism Anti-imperialism Anti-fascism Anti-revisionism Central planning Soviet-type economic planning Commanding heights of the economy Developed socialism Dialectical logic Dialectical materialism Foco Labour aristocracy Marxist–Leninist atheism Partiinost' Popular front Proletarian internationalism Self-criticism Social fascism Socialism in one country Socialist patriotism Soviet Yugoslav Theory of the productive forces Third Period Wars of national liberation
Class system	Dictatorship of the proletariat People's democratic dictatorship People's democratic state National-democratic state Socialist state State of socialist orientation Socialist state of the whole people
Political system	Central committee Civilian control of the military Collective leadership Cult of personality Democratic centralism General Secretary of the Communist Party Highest organ of state power Leading role of the party Politburo State Transmission belt Unified power Vanguardism
Variants	Cuban Castroism Guevarism Ho Chi Minh Thought Hoxhaism Husakism Juche Songun Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism Kimjongunism Kadarism Khrushchevism Maoism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Gonzalo Thought Prachanda Path) Kaysone Phomvihane Thought National Pol Potism African Sankarism Nkrumaism Socialism with Chinese characteristics (Dengism Three Represents Scientific Outlook on Development Xi Jinping Thought) Stalinism Titoism Đilasism Rankovićism Dubčekism Brezhnevism
People	Joseph Stalin Mao Zedong Ernst Thälmann Khorloogiin Choibalsan Ehmetjan Qasim José Díaz Maurice Thorez Palmiro Togliatti Ho Chi Minh Võ Nguyên Giáp Earl Browder Nikita Khrushchev Walter Ulbricht Josip Broz Tito Mátyás Rákosi Lazar Kaganovich Georgi Dimitrov Bolesław Bierut Valko Chervenkov Klement Gottwald Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Enver Hoxha Kaysone Phomvihane Khalid Bakdash Leonid Brezhnev Deng Xiaoping Pol Pot Nikos Zachariadis Che Guevara Fidel Castro Agostinho Neto Mengistu Haile Mariam Kim Il Sung Chin Peng Sanzō Nosaka Nicolae Ceaușescu Gustáv Husák János Kádár Maurice Bishop Erich Honecker Władysław Gomułka Samora Machel Thomas Sankara Mathieu Kérékou Siad Barre Nur Muhammad Taraki Alfonso Cano Pushpa Kamal Dahal Rohana Wijeweera Abimael Guzmán Gus Hall Gennady Zyuganov Xi Jinping
Theoretical works	Foundations of Leninism Dialectical and Historical Materialism The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR A Critique of Soviet Economics Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism Guerrilla Warfare
History	Soviet Union (1927–1953 1953–1964 1964–1982 1982–1991) Great Break Collectivization in the Soviet Union Industrialization in the Soviet Union Great Purge Spanish Civil War Great Patriotic War Greek Civil War Cold War Eastern Bloc Chinese Revolution China (1949–1976 1976–1989 1989–2002 2002–present) Korean War Cuban Revolution De-Stalinization Warsaw Pact Non-Aligned Movement Vietnam War Sino-Soviet split Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Great Leap Forward Portuguese Colonial War Black Power movement Nicaraguan Revolution Cultural Revolution Prague Spring Naxalite insurgency Communist rebellion in the Philippines Maoist insurgency in Turkey Internal conflict in Peru Nepalese Civil War Revolutions of 1989
By country	Afghanistan Albania Angola Benin Bulgaria Cambodia (Democratic Kampuchea People's Republic of Kampuchea) China Congo Cuba Czechoslovakia (Czechia Slovakia) East Germany Ethiopia Grenada Hungary Laos Mongolia Mozambique North Korea Poland Romania Somalia Soviet Union (Armenia Azerbaijan Byelarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan) Vietnam Yemen Yugoslavia (Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Macedonia Montenegro Serbia Slovenia)
Organizations	Albanian Party of Labour Comecon Comintern Chinese Communist Party Communist Party of Brazil Communist Party of Cuba Communist Party of India Communist Party of India (Marxist) Communist Party of Kampuchea Communist Party of the Philippines Communist Party of the Russian Federation Communist Party of the Soviet Union Communist Party of Vietnam Communist Party of Malaya Indochinese Communist Party Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party Lao People's Revolutionary Party Nepal Communist Party Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Sandinista National Liberation Front Shining Path (Militarized Communist Party of Peru) Workers' Party of Korea Portuguese Communist Party
Related topics	Bolshevism Leninism Trotskyism
See also	All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Anti-communism (Mass killings) Cold War Crimes against humanity under Marxist–Leninist regimes (Mass killings) Criticism of Marxist–Leninist party rule Marxist schools of thought National Bolshevism New class Post-Marxism–Leninism Red fascism Red Scare (Second) Second World State capitalism State socialism State ideology of China State ideology of the Soviet Union Third-Worldism Totalitarianism
Socialism ද්වාරය Communism ද්වාරය

v t e ජාත්‍යන්තර සබඳතා
Organizations	BRICS Collective Security Treaty Organization International Criminal Court League of Nations Non-Aligned Movement North Atlantic Treaty Organization Shanghai Cooperation Organisation United Nations Warsaw Pact
History	1648–1814 1814–1919 1919–1939 Diplomatic history of World War II Cold War International relations since 1989
Concepts	Appeasement Collective security Colonialism Grey-zone Hegemony Idealism International community Internationalism Liberal institutionalism Non-state actor Imperialism Peace Power Sovereignty Suzerainty Treaty War
Theory	Constructivism Liberalism Marxist international relations theory Peace theories Realism
ආශ්‍රිත ක්ෂේත්‍ර	Diplomacy Geopolitics International law

අධිකාරී පාලනය
ජාත්‍යන්තර	ISNI VIAF
ජාතික	Norway France BnF data Germany Israel United States Japan Czech Republic
ජනයා	Trove
වෙනත්	Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine Historical Dictionary of Switzerland IdRef

වෝර්සෝ ගිවිසුම

අමතර අවධානයට

සවිස්තරාත්මක සටහන්

මූලාශ්‍ර

උපහරණ

භාහිර සබැඳි

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