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Particioni koeficijent

Izvor: Wikipedija

U hemiji i farmaceutskim naukama, particioni- (P) ili distribucioni koeficijent (D) je odnos koncentracija jedinjenja u dve faze mešavine dva nemešiva rastvarača u ekvilibrijumu.[1] Termini "gas/tečnost particioni koeficijent" i "vazduh/voda particioni koeficijent" se ponekad koriste za bezdimenzione forme konstante Henrijevog zakona. Stoga su ti koeficijenti mera diferencijalne rastvorljivosti jedinjenja između ta dva rastvarača. Fraza „particioni koeficijent“ se u današnje vreme smatra zastarelom po IUPAC-u, i „particiona konstanta“, „particioni odnos“, ili „distribucioni odnos“, su prikladniji termini.[2]

Normalno se kao jedan od rastvarača koristi voda dok je drugi hidrofoban poput oktanola.[3] Stoga je logP mera hidrofilnosti ili hidrofobnosti hemijske supstance. Particioni koeficijent se isto tako može koristiti kad je jedan ili oba rastvarača čvrst. U medicinskoj praksi, particioni koeficijenti su korisni na primer za procenu distribucije leka u telu. Hidrofobni lekovi sa visokim particionim koeficijentima su preferentno distribuirani u hidrofobnim kompartmanima poput lipidnih dvoslojeva ćelija dok su hidrofilni lekovi (niski particioni koeficijenti) preferentno nalaze u hidrofilnim kompartmanima kao što je krvni serum.

Vidi još

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Reference

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  1. Leo A, Hansch C, and Elkins D (1971). „Partition coefficients and their uses”. Chem Rev 71 (6): 525-616. DOI:10.1021/cr60274a001. 
  2. Wilkinson, Andrew M.; McNaught, Alan D. (1997). „Partition Coefficient”. Compendium of Chemical Terminology: IUPAC Recommendations. Oxford: Blackwell Science. DOI:10.1351/goldbook. ISBN 0-86542-684-8. 
  3. Sangster, James (1997). Octanol-Water Partition Coefficients: Fundamentals and Physical Chemistry, Vol. 2 of Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.. str. 178 pages. ISBN 978-0471973973. 

Literatura

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Spoljašnje veze

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Particioni koeficijent
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