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Autosom

Izvor: Wikipedija

Autosom je svaki kromosom koji ne spada u spolne kromosome, tj. ne određuje spolne karakteristike organizma[1]. U diploidnim stanicama autosomi se normalno nalaze u parovima, svaki od kojih naslijeđen je od jednog roditelja. Za razliku od autosoma, par spolnih kromosoma u diploidnoj stanici može biti različit (npr. par XY u muškarca).

Sve diploidne stanice čovjeka u svojoj jezgri sadrže 22 para autosoma i jedan par spolnih kromosoma; ukupno 46 kromosoma. Parovi autosoma kod čovjeka označeni su rednim brojevima od 1 do 22, poredani otprilike po dimenzijama i broju nukleotida, dok su spolni kromosomi označeni slovima X i Y.[2]

Ljudski kromosomi
žena (XX) muškarac (XY)
Postoje dvije kopije svakog autosoma (kromosomi od 1 do 22) i u žena i u muškaraca. Spolni se kromosomi razlikuju: postoje dvije kopije X kromosoma u žena i jedan kromosom X i jedan kromosom Y u muškaraca.

Literatura

[uredi | uredi kod]
  1. Griffiths, Anthony J. F. (1999.). An Introduction to genetic analysis. New York: izdavač: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-3771-X. 
  2. Definicija autosoma u Genetics Home Reference, pristupljeno 24. srpnja 2013.
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Autosom
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