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Hard rock

Hard rock
Origini stilisticeBlues rock, psychedelic rock, garage rock, rock and roll, rhythm and blues
Origini culturaleAnii 1960, Marea Britanie și Statele Unite
Instrumente tipicechitară electrică, chitară bas, vocal, baterie, ocazional pian și clape
PopularitateÎnaltă începând cu anii 1960
Forme derivateHeavy metal, glam metal, glam rock, boogie rock, punk rock, grunge
Alte subiecte
Rock opera – progressive rockRock and Roll Hall of Fame

Hard rock (sau heavy rock) este un subgen al muzicii rock, apărut în anii 1960 din garage rock, blues rock și psychedelic rock. Este caracterizat prin utilizarea de vocal agresiv, folosirea excesivă a chitarelor electrice distorsionate, a chitarei bas și a bateriei. Termenul "hard rock" este adesea folosit pentru a descrie unele genuri muzicale precum punk și heavy metal pentru a le deosebi de celelalte forme de rock "mai ușoare", precum pop rock.

  • Nicolas Bénard, La culture Hard Rock, Paris, Dilecta, 2008.
  • Nicolas Bénard, Métalorama, ethnologie d'une culture contemporaine, 1983–2010, Rosières-en-Haye, Camion Blanc, 2011.
  • Fast, Susan (2001). In the Houses of the Holy: Led Zeppelin and the Power of Rock Music. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-511756-5
  • Fast, Susan (2005). "Led Zeppelin and the Construction of Masculinity," in Music Cultures in the United States, ed. Ellen Koskoff. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-96588-8
  • Guibert, Gérôme, and Fabien Hein (ed.) (2007), "Les Scènes Metal. Sciences sociales et pratiques culturelles radicales", Volume! La revue des musiques populaires, n°5-2, Bordeaux: Éditions Mélanie Seteun. ISBN 978-2-913169-24-1
  • Kahn-Harris, Keith, Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge, Oxford: Berg, 2007, ISBN 1-84520-399-2
  • Kahn-Harris, Keith and Fabien Hein (2007), "Metal studies: a bibliography", Volume! La revue des musiques populaires, n°5-2, Bordeaux: Éditions Mélanie Seteun. ISBN 978-2-913169-24-1 Downloadable here
  • Weinstein, Deena (1991). Heavy Metal: A Cultural Sociology. Lexington. ISBN 0-669-21837-5. Revised edition: (2000). Heavy Metal: The Music and its Culture. Da Capo. ISBN 0-306-80970-2.

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Hard rock
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