For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for Carboxilare.

Carboxilare

Carboxilarea este o reacție chimică în care un acid carboxilic este obținut ca urmare a tratării unui substrat cu dioxid de carbon.[1] Procesul invers poartă denumirea de decarboxilare. Un proces similar este reacția de carbonare, în urma căreia se obțin carbonați.[2]

Chimia organică

[modificare | modificare sursă]

Carboxilarea este un proces standard utilizat în chimia organică.[3] Specific, carboxilarea reactivilor Grignard și a compușilor organolitic este o cale clasică de a converti derivații halogenați organici la acizi carboxilici.[4]

Un exemplu clasic de proces de carboxilare este sinteza Kolbe-Schmitt a salicilatului de sodiu:[5][6]

La baza vieții bazate pe carbon se află procesul de carboxilare care cuplează dioxidul de carbon atmosferic cu o glucidă. Acest proces este de obicei catalizat de enzima de carboxilare RuBisCO sau ribulozo-1,5-bisfosfat carboxilază/oxigenază, posibil aceasta fiind una dintre cele mai abundente proteine de pe Pământ.[7][8][9]

Ciclul Calvin indicând carboxilarea ribulozo-1,5-bisfosfatului.
  1. ^ "Carboxylation: The introduction of a carboxyl group into a molecule or compound to form a carboxylic acid or a carboxylate; an instance of this."Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. . 
  2. ^ "Carbonation: Impregnation or treatment with carbon dioxide; conversion into a carbonate."Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. . 
  3. ^ Braunstein, Pierre; Matt, Dominique; Nobel, Dominique (august 1988). „Reactions of Carbon Dioxide with Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Catalyzed by Transition-Metal Complexes”. Chemical Reviews. 88 (5): 747–764. doi:10.1021/cr00087a003. 
  4. ^ A. M. Appel; et al. (). „Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO2 Fixation”. Chem. Rev. 113 (8): 6621–6658. doi:10.1021/cr300463y. PMC 3895110Accesibil gratuit. PMID 23767781. 
  5. ^ A. S. Lindsey and H. Jeskey (). „The Kolbe-Schmitt Reaction”. Chem. Rev. 57 (4): 583–620. doi:10.1021/cr50016a001.  (Review)
  6. ^ R. T. Morrison and R. N. Boyd (). Organic Chemistry (ed. 4th). Allyn and Bacon. p. 976-7. ISBN 0-205-05838-8. 
  7. ^ Dhingra A, Portis AR, Daniell H (aprilie 2004). „Enhanced translation of a chloroplast-expressed RbcS gene restores small subunit levels and photosynthesis in nuclear RbcS antisense plants”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (16): 6315–20. Bibcode:2004PNAS..101.6315D. doi:10.1073/pnas.0400981101Accesibil gratuit. PMC 395966Accesibil gratuit. PMID 15067115. (Rubisco) is the most prevalent enzyme on this planet, accounting for 30–50% of total soluble protein in the chloroplast; 
  8. ^ Feller U, Anders I, Mae T (). „Rubiscolytics: fate of Rubisco after its enzymatic function in a cell is terminated” (PDF). J. Exp. Bot. 59 (7): 1615–24. doi:10.1093/jxb/erm242. PMID 17975207. 
  9. ^ Raven, John A. (aprilie 2013). „Rubisco: still the most abundant protein of Earth?”. New Phytologist. 198 (1): 1–3. doi:10.1111/nph.12197Accesibil gratuit. PMID 23432200. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
Carboxilare
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?