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Pygostylia

Pygostylia
Intervalo temporal:
Cretáceo InferiorPresente
131–0 Ma
Confuciusornis sanctus
Passer domesticus
Classificação científica e
Domínio: Eukaryota
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Clado: Dinosauria
Clado: Saurischia
Clado: Theropoda
Clado: Avebrevicauda
Clado: Pygostylia
Chatterjee, 1997
Subgrupos[2]

Pygostylia é um grupo de aves que contém a família Confuciusornithidae e todas as aves mais derivadas (Ornithothoraces). Seu nome provêm da presença do pigóstilo, uma característica compartilhada por todos os seus membros. Chatterjee (1997, 1998) definiu a Pygostylia como "o ancestral comum do Iberomesornis romerali e dos Neornithes",[3][4] sendo assim sinônimo do Ornithothoraces "sensu" Chiappe (1996).[5] Logo, a definição de Chatterjee foi efetivamente abandonada. Chiappe (1997) definiu a Pygostylia como "o ancestral comum da Confuciusornithidae e Neornithes (Ornithurae) mais todos seus descendentes". Esta é uma definição "node-based"[6]

Chiappe (2001) reuniu os Pygostylia por possuirem quatro sinapomorfias: presença do pigóstilo, ausência do hiposfeno-hipantro; púbis retrovertido e separado do eixo principal do sacro por um ângulo de 45 a 65 graus; e presença de um côndilo bulbar medial no tibiotarso.[7]

Referências

  1. Wang M., Wang X., Wang Y., and Zhou Z. (2016). A new basal bird from China with implications for morphological diversity in early birds. Scientific Reports, 6: 19700. doi:10.1038/srep19700.
  2. O’Connor, J.K., Wang X., Zheng X., Hu H., Zhang X., & Zhou Z. (2016). An Enantiornithine with a Fan-Shaped Tail, and the Evolution of the Rectricial Complex in Early Birds. Current Biology, 26(1): 114-119.
  3. CHATTERJEE, S. The Rise of Birds: 225 Million Years of Evolution. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1997
  4. CHATTERJEE, S. (1998). The avian status of Protoavis. Archaeopteryx 16: 99-122
  5. CHIAPPE, L. (1996). Late Cretaceous birds of southern South America: anatomy and systematics of Enantiornithes and Patagopteryx deferrariisi. In: Arratia, G. (ed.), Contributions of Southern South America to Vertebrate Paleontology, Muncher Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, Geologie und Palontologie 30. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich.
  6. CHIAPPE, L. (1997). The Chinese early bird Confuciusornis and the paraphyletic status of Sauriurae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 (3): 37A.
  7. CHIAPPE, L. Basal bird phylogeny In: Chiappe and Witmer (eds.). Mesozoic Birds: above the heads of dinosaurs. University of California Press, 2001.
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Pygostylia
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