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William Eden (1. baron Auckland)

William Eden
Ilustracja
William Eden, 1. baron Auckland
Data urodzenia

1745

Data śmierci

1814

Zawód, zajęcie

polityk, dyplomata, prawnik, ekonomista

Narodowość

angielska

Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

William Eden, 1. baron Auckland (ur. 1745, zm. 1814) – brytyjski polityk i dyplomata.

W roku 1771 opublikował: Principles of Penal Law i wkrótce stał się autorytetem w dziedzinie prawa i ekonomii. W Izbie Gmin reprezentował okręg New Woodstock (wybory z lat 1774 i 1780), a później okręg Heytesbury (1784 i 1790).

W 1778 roku przeforsował w parlamencie ustawę o polepszeniu warunków bytowych w więzieniach.

16 września w Londynie on i Francuz Joseph-Mathias Gérard de Rayneval (1736–1812) podpisali tzw. „Traktat Edena-Raynevala” – traktat o wolnym handlu Francji z Wielką Brytanią. Spowodował on zalew francuskiego rynku przez tańsze i lepsze towary brytyjskie.

Traktat ten był przesiąknięty duchem dzieła Adama Smitha „Badania nad naturą i przyczynami bogactwa narodów” opublikowanego w 1776 roku. Popierali go zarówno William Pitt Młodszy, jak i Fizjokraci. Brytyjczycy jednak zbyt egoistycznie podtrzymali elementy swej ochrony celnej, w rezultacie czego, traktat był mało opłacalny dla Francji.

Był ambasadorem w Hiszpanii w latach 1787–1789 i Holandii; w latach 1789–1790.

Ambasadorowie Wielkiej Brytanii w Holandii
  • Ralph Winwood (1603–1613)
  • sir Richard Spencer (1607–1609)
  • Henry Wotton (1614–1615)
  • sir Dudley Carleton (1615–1625 i 1625–1632)
  • George Villiers, 1. książę of Buckingham (1625)
  • William Boswell (1632–1649)
  • Walter Strickland (1642–1650)
  • Henry Jermyn (1644)
  • ...
  • Sir George Downing (1657–1665)
  • ...
  • William Temple (1668–1670)
  • William Blathwayt Chargé d’Affaires (1671–1672)
  • ...
  • William Temple (1674–1679)
  • Roger Meredith Chargé d’Affaires (1678–1679)
  • Henry Sidney (1679–1681)
  • Thomas Plott (1681–1682)
  • Thomas Chudleigh (1681–1685)
  • Bevil Skelton (1685–1686)
  • Ignatius White (1686–1688)
  • Thomas Herbert (1689)
  • Charles Berkley (1689–1695)
  • William Harbord (1690)
  • Edward Villiers (1695–1697)
  • sir Joseph Williamson (1697–1699)
  • Richard Hill of Hawkstone (1699–1701)
  • John Churchill (1701 i 1702–1712)
  • Alexander Stanhope (1700–1706)
  • George Stepney i James Dayrolle (1706–1707)
  • William Cadogan (1707–1709)
  • Charles Townshend (1709–1711)
  • Charles Boyle (1711)
  • Thomas Wentworth (1711–1714)
  • William Cadogan (1714–1720)
  • Horatio Walpole (1715)
  • Horatio Walpole (1715–1716)
  • William Leathes (1717)
  • Charles Whitworth (1717–1721)
  • James Dayrolle rezydent (1717–1739)
  • Horatio Walpole (1722)
  • William Finch (1724–1728)
  • Philip Stanhope (1728–1732)
  • William Finch (1733–1734)
  • Horatio Walpole (1734–1739)
  • Robert Hampden-Trevor (1736–1746)
  • John Carteret (1742)
  • John Dalrymple (1742–1743)
  • Philip Stanhope (1745)
  • John Montagu (1746–1749)
  • Solomon Dayrolle rezydent (1747–1752)
  • Robert Darcy (1749–1751)
  • Joseph Yorke (1751–1780)
  • ...
  • James Harris (1784–1789)
  • Alleyne Fitzherbert (1789–1790)
  • William Eden (1790–1793)
  • Henry John Spencer (1790–1793)
  • William Eliot (1793–1794)
  • Alleyne FitzHerbert (1794–1795)
  • ...
  • Robert Liston (1802–1803)
  • ...
  • Richard Le Poer Trench, 2. hrabia Clancarty (1813–1815)
  • Charles Stuart, 1. baron Stuart de Rothesay (1815)
  • John James (1815–1816)
  • George William Chad (1816–1817)
  • Richard Le Poer Trench, 2. hrabia Clancarty (1817–1824)
  • George William Chad (1818–1819, 1819, 1822 and 1824)
  • Granville Leveson-Gower (1824)
  • Andrew Snape Douglas (1824)
  • Charles Bagot (1824–1829)
  • Thomas Cartwright (1829–1832)
  • John Duncan Bligh (1832)
  • George Sulyarde Stafford Jerningham Chargé d’affaires (1833–1836)
  • Edward Cromwell Disbrowe (1836–1851)
  • Ralph Abercromby (1851–1858)
  • Francis Napier (1858–1860)
  • Andrew Buchanan (1860–1862)
  • John Ralph Milbanke Huskisson (1862–1867)
  • Edward Harris (1867–1877)
  • William Stuart (1877–1888)
  • Horace Rumbold (1888–1896)
  • Henry Howard (1896–1908)
  • George Buchanan (1908–1910)
  • Alan Johnstone (1910–1917)
  • Walter Beaupré Townley (1917–1919)
  • Ronald Graham (1919–1921)
  • Charles Murray Marling (1921–1926)
  • Granville Leveson-Gower (1926–1928)
  • Odo Russell (1928–1933)
  • Hubert Montgomery (1933–1938)
  • Nevile Bland (1938–1948)
  • Philip Nichols (1948–1952)
  • Nevile Butler (1952–1954)
  • Paul Mason (1954–1960)
  • Andrew Napier Noble (1960–1964)
  • Peter Garran (1964–1970)
  • Edward Tomkins (1970–1972)
  • Ernest John Ward Barnes (1972–1977)
  • Richard Sykes (1977–1979)
  • Jock Taylor (1979–1981)
  • Philip Mansfield (1981–1984)
  • John Margetson (1984–1988)
  • Michael Jenkins (1988–1993)
  • David Miers (1993–1996)
  • Rosemary Spencer (1996–2001)
  • Colin Budd (2001–2005)
  • Lyn Parker (2005–2009)
  • Paul Arkwright (2009–2013)
  • Geoffrey Adams (2013–2017)
  • Peter Wilson (2017–)
Ambasadorowie Wielkiej Brytanii w Hiszpanii
  • John Stile (1505–1518)
  • William Knight (1512–1513)
  • Thomas Spinelly (1517–1522)
  • John Kite, John Bourchier (1518–1519)
  • Richard Pate (1533–1537)
  • Thomas Wyat (1537–1539)
  • John Russell, Thomas Radclyffe (1554)
  • Anthony Browne, Thomas Chamberlain (1560–1562)
  • Thomas Chaloner (1561–1565)
  • William Phayre Chargé d’affaires (1565–1566)
  • John Man (1566–1568)
  • John Smith (1576–1577)
  • Thomas Wilkes (1577–1578)
  • Edward Wotton (1579–1583)
  • William Wade (1583–1584)
  • Thomas Wilson (1584)
  • Charles Howard (1605)
  • Francis Cottington (1605)
  • Charles Cornwallis (1605)
  • John Digby (1. hrabia Bristol) (1608)
  • Francis Cottington (1609–1611)
  • Peter Wyche (1609–1611)
  • John Digby (1. hrabia Bristol) (1610–1618)
  • William Cecil (1616)
  • John Digby, 1. hrabia Bristol (1617–1618)
  • Walter Aston (1618)
  • John Digby, 1. hrabia Bristol (1622–1624)
  • Endymion Porter (1623)
  • Stephen Gardiner (1624)
  • Peter Wyche (1625–1626)
  • Endymion Porter(1628–1629)
  • Francis Cottington (1629–1631)
  • Arthur Hopton (1630–1636)
  • Walter Aston (1634–1638)
  • John Taylor (1634–1635)
  • Arthur Hopton (1638–1645)
  • Richard Fanshawe Chargé d’affaires (1638)
  • Anthony Ascham (1650)
  • George Fisher (1650–1651)
  • Henry Bennet, 1. hrabia Arlington (1658–1661)
  • George Digby, 2. hrabia Bristol (1659–1661)
  • Edward Montagu (1666–1668)
  • Robert Southwell (1666)
  • John Werden Chargé d’affaires (1668)
  • William Godolphin (1668)
  • Robert Spencer (1671–1672)
  • Ignatius White (1677)
  • Henry Goodricke (1679–1683)
  • Peter Lefett (1682–1685)
  • Charles Granville, 2. hrabia Bath (1685–1688)
  • John Stafford (1685–1688)
  • Charles Berkeley, 2. hrabia Berkeley (1689)
  • Alexander Stanhope (1689–1699)
  • Francis Schonenberg (1699–1702)
  • James Stanhope (1706–1707)
  • James Stanhope (1708–1710)
  • John Campbell (1711–1712)
  • Robert Sutton (1712–1713)
  • Robert Benson (1713–1714)
  • George Bubb-Dodington (1715–1717)
  • William Stanhope (1717–1718)
  • James Stanhope (1718)
  • William Stanhope (1721–1727)
  • Benjamin Keene (1729–1739)
  • ...
  • Benjamin Keene (II raz) (1748–1757)
  • George Hervey (1758–1761)
  • ...
  • William Nassau de Zuylestein (1763–1766)
  • James Grey
  • James Harris
  • George Pitt, lord Rivers
  • Thomas Robinson (1771–1779)
  • ...
  • John Crichton-Stuart (1783–1784)
  • Philip Stanhope (1784–1786)
  • William Eden (1787–1789)
  • Alleyne Fitzherbert (1790–1794)
  • Morton Eden (1794–1795)
  • John Crichton-Stuart (1795–1796)
  • John Hookham Frere (1802–1804)
  • John Hookham Frere (1808)
  • Richard Wellesley (1809)
  • George Villiers (1833–1839)
  • Lionel Sackville-West, 2. baron Sackville (1879–1881)
  • Henry Mortimer Durand (1900–1903)
  • Arthur Nicolson (1904–1905)
  • Arthur Hardinge (1913–1919)
  • Esme Howard, 1. baron Howard of Penrith (1919–1924)
  • Sir Horace Rumbold, 9. baronet (1924–1928)
  • Samuel Hoare (1940–1944)
  • Victor Mallet (1945–1946)
  • George Labouchere (1960–1966)
  • John Wriothesley Russell (1969)
  • Charles Wiggins (1974–1977)
  • Anthony Arthur Acland (1977–1979)
  • Richard Parsons (1980–1984)
  • Nicholas Gordon-Lennox (1984–1989)
  • Robin Fearn (1989–1994)
  • David Brighty (1994–1998)
  • Peter Torry (1998–2003)
  • Stephen Wright (2003–2007)
  • Denise Holt (2007–2009)
  • Giles Paxman (2009–2013)
  • Simon Manley (2013–2019)
  • Hugh Elliott (od 2019)
Przewodniczący Zarządu Handlu

Wielka Brytania

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William Eden (1. baron Auckland)
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