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Eufrates

Eufrates

Eufrates en Iraq
Caracteristicas
Longor 2 780 km
Bacin 444 000 km2
Bacin collector Chatt-el-Arab
Debit mejan 830 m3⋅s-1
Riu
Font Lac Hazar
dins las montanhas del Taure
Confluéncia Tigre
S'escampa dins Golf Persic
Geografia
Païses traversats Bandièra: TurquiaTurquia
Bandièra: SiriaSiria
Bandièra: IraqIraq
Regions traversadas Mesopotamia

Eufrates es un flume que s'escor subretot en Iraq. Amb Tigre definisson la region de Mesopotamia.

Nais en dos braces, lo Kara Su (Eufrates occidental) e lo Murat Su (Eufrates oriental), en Turquia, e baissa cap al sud-sud-oèst per las montanhas del Taure o Taurus, passant per Siria e Iraq, e s'escampa dins lo golf Persic, après 2 780 km de parcors.

Afluents del nòrd al sud: Kuruk, Tohma, Gok e Birecik (Turquia); Balikh e Khabur (Siria).

En Mesopotamia, region que se tròba entre Eufrates e Tigre, s'establiguèron los primièrs poblaments neolitics del monde, dins la zona que seriá mai tard la tèrra de la civilizacion sumeriana.

Lenga Nom per Eufrates
Akkadian Pu-rat-tu
Arabi الفرات, Al-Furāt
Aramèu ܦܪܬ, Prāṯ, Froṯ
Armèni Եփրատ, Yeṗrat
Grèc ancian Ευφράτης, Euphrátês
Ebrieu פְּרָת, Pĕrāṯ
Curd فرهات, Firat, Ferat
Persan فرات, Ferat
Sumerian Buranun
Turc Fırat

Sus Eufrates i a fòrça restancas, tant en Turquia coma en Iraq o Siria. En mai en Iraq se bastiguèt lo canal Thartar-Eufrates, que permet lo transferiment de las aigadas de Tigre dins Eufrates via la restanca de Thartar lo tresen flum: acabat en 1992, provoquèt las secadas dels paluns del Sud, çò que permetiá de mestrejar la region chiita e d'asagar de novèlas tèrras. Aprèp la guèrra en Iraq de 2003, los Chiitas destruiguèron las restancas e se tornèron formar los paluns a 40%.

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Eufrates
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