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Polychotomie

Een polychotomie of polytomie is de opdeling in meer dan twee niet-overlappende structuren of begrippen. De term komt naar analogie van de term dichotomie, van het Griekse dichotomia, wat tweedeling betekent.

Evolutiebiologie

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Een voorbeeld van een polytomie in de evolutiebiologie is volgend cladogram, waar de clade van de Bikonta verdeeld wordt in 4 supergroepen. In de cladistiek worden echter dichotomieën vereist. Bij onzekerheid over de achtereenvolgende dichotomieën wordt dan een polytomie gebruikt om de voorlopige stand van de kennis weer te geven.

 
 
clade Bikonta 

Supergroep Excavata



Supergroep Rhizaria (met o.a. de Radiolaria en de Foraminifera)



Supergroep Chromalveolata (met o.a. de bruinwieren, de kiezelwieren, de dinoflagellaten, de ciliaten en de sporozoën)



Supergroep Archaeplastida (met roodwieren, groenwieren en de overige planten)




clade Unikonta



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Polychotomie
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