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Reza Shah

Rezā Shāh Pahlavi
Pemerintahan15 Disember, 1925 - 16 September, 1941
DimakamkanMakam Reza Shah di Ray, Tehran, Iran
PendahuluAhmad Shah Qajar
PenggantiMohammad Reza Pahlavi
PasanganTadj ol-Molouk
AnakandaShams, Mohammad Reza, Ashraf, Ali Reza, Gholam Reza Pahlavi, Ahmad Reza, Mahmud Reza, Maryam, Hamid Reza Pahlavi
Kerabat dirajaDinasti Pahlavi
AyahandaAbbas Ali
BondaNoush-Afarin

Rezā Shāh, atau Rezā Shāh Pahlavi (Parsi: رضا شاه پهلوی, re'zɑː 'ʃɑːh.e pæhlæ'viː), (16 Mac, 1878 – 26 Julai, 1944), adalah seorang Shah dari Negara Imperial Iran[1] bermula pada 15 Disember, 1925 sehingga beliau dipaksa melepaskan takhta oleh Inggeris-Soviet pada 16 September, 1941.

Pada tahun 1925, Reza Shah menjatuhkan Ahmad Shah Qajar, Shah terakhir dari Dinasti Qajar dan menubuhkan Dinasti Pahlavi. Beliau telah mewujudkan kerajaan autoritarian yang mengagungkan nationalisme, ketenteraan, sekularisme dan anti-komunisme serta digabungkan dengan penapisan dan propaganda negara yang ketat.[2] Dikenali sebagai seorang yang agak bijak meskipun kekurangan pendidikan formal, [3] Reza Shah telah memperkenalkan banyak reformasi sosio-ekonomi, menyusun semula tentera, pentadbiran kerajaan dan kewangan.[1] Bagi para penyokong beliau, zaman pemerintahan beliau membawa "undang-undang dan perintah, disiplin, kekuasaan pusat dan kemudahan-kemudahan moden - sekolah, keretapi, bas, radio, panggung wayang dan telefon".[4] Walau bagaimanapun, cubaan pemodenan yang beliau lakukan telah dikritik kerana "terlalu cepat"[5] dan "bersifat luaran",[6] dan zaman pemerintahan beliau adalah satu masa "penindasan, rasuah, pecukaian, kekurangan ketulenan" bersama-sama "keselamatan jenis negara polis." [4]. Namun begitu, bagi kebanyakan nasionalis Iran beliau dianggap "Bapa Pemodenan Iran".

  1. ^ a b The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Reza Shah Diarkibkan 2009-02-01 di Wayback Machine
  2. ^ Michael P. Zirinsky; "Imperial Power and Dictatorship: Britain and the Rise of Reza Shah, 1921-1926", International Journal of Middle East Studies 24 (1992), 639-663, Cambridge University Press
  3. ^ Paula K. Byers; 1998, "Encyclopedia of World Biography", ISBN 0-7876-2553-1, Pages 116-117, Reza Shah Pahlavi
  4. ^ a b Ervand, History of Modern Iran, (2008), p.91
  5. ^ The Origins of the Iranian Revolution by Roger Homan. International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-), Vol. 56, No. 4 (Autumn, 1980), pp. 673-677 Link
  6. ^ Richard W. Cottam, Nationalism in Iran, University of Pittsburgh Press, ISBN o-8229-3396-7


Pautan luar

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Reza Shah
Tarikh keputeraan: 15 Mac 1878 Tarikh kemangkatan: 26 Julai 1944
Gelaran pemerintah
Didahului oleh
Ahmad Shah Qajar
Shah Iran
1925–1941
Diikuti oleh:
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Templat:IranPMs

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Reza Shah
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