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Orbital

Orbital atom dan molekul

Dalam kimia , orbital ialah bahagian dalam ruang yang mana kebarangkalian menemui elektron dalam bahagian ruang itu (atom atau molekul) adalah tinggi. Secara amnya, kebarangkalian yang dipilih adalah 0.95 atau 95%.

Bentuk orbital bagi suatu atom dapat ditentukan dengan menyelesaikan persamaan Schrödinger, iaitu satu persamaan pembezaan yang peringkat kedua. Penyelesaian kepada persamaan Schrödinger dinamakan fungsi gelombang , yang jika didarabkan dengan konjugat kompleksnya (), dapat menzahirkan kebarangkalian untuk menemui elektron dalam bahagian ruang tertentu.

Persamaan Schrödinger yang tidak bergantung kepada masa untuk atom hidrogen diberi oleh

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Orbital
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