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Lautan Hindi

5 lautan bumi

Lautan Hindi (Jawi: لاوتن هندي) atau Lautan Kidul (Jawi: لاوتن كيدول‎) adalah lautan ketiga terbesar di dunia, meliputi sekitar 20% permukaan air Bumi. Di utara ia disempadani oleh selatan Asia; di barat oleh Semenanjung Arab dan Afrika; di timur oleh Semenanjung Malaysia, Indonesia, dan Australia; di selatan oleh Lautan Selatan. Lautan ini dipisahkan dengan Lautan Atlantik oleh 20° timur meridian, dan dengan Lautan Pasifik oleh 147° timur meridian.

Lautan Hindi, tidak termasuk kawasan Antartika.
Peta Bathymetri Lautan Hindi.

Peristilahan

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Hindi dalam nama Lautan Hindi merujuk kepada tanah India atau al-Hind (Arab: الهند, Parsi: هند Hind).[1] Catatan bertulis terawal mengenai lautan ini dari tahun 1515 dengan nama Latin Oceanus Orientalis Indicus.[2]

Lautan Kidul diserap dari istilah bahasa Jawa ꦱꦼꦒꦫ​ꦏꦶꦢꦸꦭ꧀ Segara Kidul[3] yang mana ꦏꦶꦢꦸꦭ꧀ kidul (Jawi: كيدول‎) bermaksud "selatan"[4][5] yakni arah mata angin terletaknya lautan ini dari pulau Jawa sebagai titik rujukan.[3]

Luas Kawasan

Panjang Pantai: 66,526 km

Titik ketinggian:

  • Titik terendah: Palung Jawa -7,258 m
  • Titik tertinggi: permukaan laut 0 m

Pelabuhan: Calcutta (India), Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (Afrika Selatan), Jakarta (Indonesia), Karachi (Pakistan), Fremantle (Australia), Mumbai (Mumbai; India), Teluk Richards (Afrika Selatan)

  1. ^ "Hindi", dalam Wilkinson (1901), m/s. 691
  2. ^ Harper, Douglas. "Indian Ocean". Online Etymology Dictionary. Dicapai pada 18 Januari 2011.
  3. ^ a b "segara", dalam Wilkinson (1901), m/s. 393
  4. ^ "kidol/kidul", dalam Wilkinson (1901), m/s. 554
  5. ^ "kidul". Kamus Dewan (ed. ke-4). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. 2017.

Sumber utama

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  • Braun, D., The Indian Ocean (1983)
  • Chandra, S., ed., The Indian Ocean (1987);
  • Chaudhuri, K. N., Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean (1985);
  • Cousteau, Jacques-Yves, and Diole, Philippe, Life and Death in a Coral Sea (1971);
  • Cubitt, Gerald, Islands of the Indian Ocean (1975);
  • Das Gupta, A., and Pearson, M.N., India and the Indian Ocean (1987);
  • Dowdy, W. L., and Trood, R., eds., The Indian Ocean (1985);
  • Kerr, A., ed., Resources and Development in the Indian Ocean Region (1981);
  • Nairn, A. E., and Stehli, F. G., eds., The Ocean Basins and Margins, Vol. 6: The Indian Ocean (1982);
  • Ostheimer, John M., ed., The Politics of the Western Indian Ocean Islands (1975);
  • Toussaint, Auguste, The History of the Indian Ocean, trans. by June Guicharnaud (1966).
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1901). A Malay-English dictionary. Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh, limited. Rencana ini mengandungi teks dari sumber yang berada dalam domain awam.

Pautan luar

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Lautan Hindi
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