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Fosfofruktokinase

Fosfofruktokinase
Pengenal pasti
SimbolPpfruckinase
PfamPF00365
InterProIPR000023
PROSITEPDOC00336

Fosfofruktokinase (phosphofructokinase, PFK; kinase fosfofruktosa) ialah enzim pengehad kadar dalam laluan glikolisis, dan bertanggungjawab dalam langkah ketiga glikolisis: penambahan kumpulan fosforil pada molekul fruktosa 6-fosfat. Enzim ini dipengaruhi oleh faktro alosterik. Dalam kebanyakan sel, AMP dan ADP ialah pengaktif fosfofruktokinase, manakala ATP ialah perencatnya.

Pemindahan bermangkin enzim sebuah kumpulan fosforil dari adenosina trifosfat, ATP ialah tindak balas penting dalam pelbagai jenis proses biologi.[1] PFK memangkingkan pemfosforilan fruktosa-6-fosfat (F6P) lalu membentuk fruktosa 1,6-bisfosfat (F16P), dan merupakan langkah yang dikawal atur secara ketara dalam glikolisis.[2][3] Ia direncat secara alosterik oleh ATP dan diaktifkan dengan AMP, sekali gus menunjukkan keperluan bertenaga sel apabila menuruti laluan glikolisis.[4] PFK wujud sebagai homotetramer dalam bakteria dan mamalia (dengan setiap monomer memiliki 2 domain serupa), dan sebagia oktomer dalam yis (dengan 4 rantai alfa (PFK1) dan 4 rantai beta (PFK2), dengan rantai beta memiliki dua domain serupa seperti monomer mamalia[3]). Protein ini mungnkin menggunakan model kawal atur alosterik morfeein.[5]

Ada dua jenis fosfofruktokinase yang ada dalam manusia:

Jenis Sinonim Nombor EC Substrat Produk Gen paralog
Fosfofruktokinase 1 6-fosfofruktokinase
Fosfoheksokinase
EC 2.7.1.11
Fruktosa 6-fosfat

Fruktosa-1,6-bisfosfat
PFKL, PFKM, PFKP
Fosfofruktokinase 2 6-fosfofrukto-2-kinase EC 2.7.1.105
Fruktosa-2,6-bisfosfat
PFKFB1, PFKFB2, PFKFB3, PFKFB4
  1. ^ Evans PR, Hellinga HW (1987). "Mutations in the active site of Escherichia coli phosphofructokinase". Nature. 327 (6121): 437–439. Bibcode:1987Natur.327..437H. doi:10.1038/327437a0. PMID 2953977. S2CID 4357039.
  2. ^ Wegener G, Krause U (2002). "Different modes of activating phosphofructokinase, a key regulatory enzyme of glycolysis, in working vertebrate muscle". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 30 (2): 264–270. doi:10.1042/bst0300264. PMID 12023862.
  3. ^ a b Raben N, Exelbert R, Spiegel R, Sherman JB, Nakajima H, Plotz P, Heinisch J (1995). "Functional expression of human mutant phosphofructokinase in yeast: genetic defects in French Canadian and Swiss patients with phosphofructokinase deficiency". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 56 (1): 131–141. PMC 1801305. PMID 7825568.
  4. ^ Garrett, Reginald; Grisham, Reginald (2012). Biochemistry. Cengage Learning. m/s. 585. ISBN 978-1133106296.
  5. ^ T. Selwood; E. K. Jaffe. (2011). "Dynamic dissociating homo-oligomers and the control of protein function". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 519 (2): 131–43. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2011.11.020. PMC 3298769. PMID 22182754.
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Fosfofruktokinase
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