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Banjir seratus tahun

Sungai Mississippi di Kaskaskia, Illinois ketika Banjir Besar 1993 di Amerika.

Banjir seratus tahun merujuk kepada jenis banjir dengan nilai kebarangkalian 1 per 100 (1%) untuk berlaku pada satu-satu tahun.[1] Banjir ini juga digelar sebagai "banjir 1%" oleh kerana tahap kebarangkalian ini.[2] Bagi banjir di kawaasan pesisir atau tasik, banjir seratus tahun dinilai berdasarkan kedalaman air banjir, dan mungkin melibatakan kesan ombak. Bagi sistem sungai, banjir seratus tahun pula dinilai berdasarkan darjat aliran sungai. Berdasarkan anggaran aliran banjir seratus tahun, paras air banjir yang terbentuk boleh dipetakan sebagai kawasan pembanjiran lalu menerbitkan suatu peta dataran banjir seratus tahun. Kawasan berdekatan pesisir atau tasik juga boleh mengalami banjir akibat faktor-faktor seperti air pasang, ribut dan ombak.[3] Peta dataran banjir ini boleh diambil kira dalam isu-isu seperti permit pembinaan, dasar alam sekitar dan insurans banjir.

  1. ^ Viessman, Warren (1977). Introduction to Hydrology. Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. m/s. 160. ISBN 0-7002-2497-1.
  2. ^ Holmes, R.R., Jr., and Dinicola, K. (2010) 100-Year flood–it's all about chance U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 106
  3. ^ "Coastal Flooding". FloodSmart. National Flood Insurance Program. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-03-08. Dicapai pada 7 March 2016.

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Banjir seratus tahun
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