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乳脂肪

乳脂肪(にゅうしぼう、: butterfat, milkfat)は、牛乳脂肪成分である。牛乳やクリームは、しばしば含まれる乳脂肪の量によって販売されている。

成分

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ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、オレイン酸から構成されるトリグリセリド

乳脂肪の脂肪酸は、以下のようなものから構成されている[1][2]

脂肪酸とトリグリセリド

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上記のように、牛乳に含まれる脂肪の組成は、脂肪酸の種類による。脂肪酸は牛乳中にそのままの形で存在するわけではなく、トリグリセリドと呼ばれる化合物を形成している[2]

アメリカ合衆国の標準

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アメリカ合衆国では、乳製品中の乳脂肪についての[3][4][5][6]連邦標準がある[7]。商業製品には通常、法定脂肪量の最小限の量が含まれている。

出典

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  1. ^ National Research Council, 1976, online edition Fat Content and Composition of Animal Products, Printing and Publishing Office, National Academy of Science, Washington, D.C., ISBN 0-309-02440-4; p. 203
  2. ^ a b The quote values vary by 1-3% according to the source: Rolf Jost "Milk and Dairy Products" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. doi:10.1002/14356007.a16_589.pub3
  3. ^ USDA Commercial Item Description: Milks, Fluid (2001).
  4. ^ USDA Specifications for Cream Cheese, Cream Cheese with other Foods, and Related Products (1994).
  5. ^ United States Department of Agriculture Standard for Ice Cream (1977).
  6. ^ USDA Commercial Item Description: Cream, Eggnog, Half-and-half, and Sour Cream (2002).
  7. ^ United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service
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乳脂肪
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