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イジョイド語群

Ijoid
話される地域ナイジェリア南部
言語系統ニジェール・コンゴ語族?
下位言語
Glottologijoi1239[1]

イジョイド語群(Ijoid languages)は、イジョ語(Ịjọ)とデファカ語を結び付ける、提案中(未実証)言語のグループである。 ただし、類似点は、イジョ語がデファカ語に影響を与えたことが原因である可能性がある[2]

イジョイド語群はニジェール・コンゴ語族の分派を形成し、基本語順は主語-目的語-動詞である。これはニジェール・コンゴ語では珍しく、マンデ諸語ドゴン諸語とのみ共有する特徴である。マンデ諸語やドゴン諸語と同様に、イジョイド諸語にはニジェール・コンゴ語族の特徴と考えられる名詞クラスシステムの痕跡すら欠如しているため、ニジェール・コンゴ語から早期に分裂した可能性がある。 言語学者のGerritDimmendaalは、ニジェール・コンゴ語族に含まれていることに完全に疑念を抱いており、イジョ語/イジョイド語は独立した語族であると考えている[3][4]

語彙比較

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イジョ諸語Kalabari語Defaka語の基礎語彙比較

Language eye ear nose tooth tongue mouth blood bone tree water eat name
Proto-Ijaw[5] *tɔrɪ³ *ɓeri¹ *nḭnḭ³ *aka² *ɪ̰ɓɛ̰lɛʊ² *ɓɪpɪ² *asɪ̰ɪ̰¹ *ṵgbəu² *tɛ̰ɪ̰² *ɓed̰i¹ *fɪɪ² *ɪrɛ²
Kalabari[6] tɔ́rʊ̄ ɓeri nínī áká ɓɛ́lɛ́ ɓɪ́ɓɪ́ ímgbe ɔmbɪ-yé, pulo sɪ́n minji fɪ́ ɛ́rɛ́
Defaka[6] ɔ́yɔ ɓasi níni nɪan mɛndʊɔ ɓɪ́ɪ́ ḿbua asi ibo tiin mbɪ́á éé ɪ́tá

数詞

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各言語の数詞の比較[7]

Classification Language 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Defaka Defaka ɡbérí mààmà táátó nɛ́ì túúnɔ̀ màànɡò túààmà (5 + 2) ? túàtùà (5 + 3) ? túùnèì (5 + 4) ? wóì
Ijo, East, Northeastern Nkoroo ɡbɔ́rí màmì tárú nɛ̃́ĩ́ sɔ́nɔ́ sóníá sɔ́nɔ́mà nínì ísíéní ójí
Ijo, East, Northeastern, Eastern Ibani ŋ̀ɡɪ̀ɛ́ m̀mɛ̀ɛ́ tɛ́rɛ́ íní sɔ́nɔ́ sóníɛ́ sɔ́nɔ́mà ínínè éséníé àtìé / ójí
Ijo, East, Northeastern, Eastern Okrika (Kalabari) ŋ̀ɡèi màɪ̃ tɛrɛ ineĩ sɔnɔ sonio sɔnɔmɛ̀ ninè esenie oji, àtèi
Ijo, West Ijo Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (1) kẹnị́ mamụ́ tǎrụ nóín sọ́nrọ́n =sɔ̃́rɔ̃́ ? sǒndie sọ́nọ́ma nínɡíni isé óí
Ijo, West Ijo Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (2) kẹnị́ mamụ́ tǎrụ nóín sọ́nrọ́n =sɔ̃́rɔ̃́ ? sǒndie sọ́nọ́ma nínɡíni isé óí
Ijo, West Ijo Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (3) kẹnị́ maamụ́ tǎarụ nóín sọ́nrọ́n =sɔ̃́rɔ̃́ ? sǒndie sọ́nọ́ma níníni or nínɡíni isé oyi/ óí
Ijo, West, Inland Ijo Okordia kɛ̀nɪ maamʊ taarʊ nii sɔ̃ɔ̃rɔ̃ sɔ̃zie / sɔ̃zɪ sɔnɔmà màà fùi sioni, eji karama (10 - 1) eji

参考文献

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  • Jenewari, Charles E. W. (1989) 'Ijoid'. In Bendor-Samuel, John and Hartell, Rhonda L. (eds.), The Niger–Congo languages: A classification and description of Africa's largest language family, 105-118. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
  • Williamson, Kay. 1969. 'Igbo' and 'Ịjọ', chapters 7 and 8 in: Twelve Nigerian Languages, ed. by E. Dunstan. Longmans.
  • Williamson, Kay. 1971. The Benue–Congo languages and Ịjọ. In: Current Trends in Linguistics, Vol. 7, series ed. by T. A. Sebeok, 245-306.
  • Williamson, Kay. 1988. Linguistic evidence for the prehistory of the Niger Delta. In: The Prehistory of the Niger Delta, ed. by E.J. Alagoa and others. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
  • Williamson, Kay. 1998. Defaka revisited. The multi-disciplinary approach to African history, edited by Nkparom C. Ejituwu, Chapter 9, 151-183. Port Harcourt: University of Port Harcourt Press.
  • Williamson, Kay. 2004. The language situation in the Niger Delta. Chapter 2 in: The development of Ịzọn language, edited by Martha L. Akpana, 9-13.
  • Williamson, Kay & Blench, Roger (2000) 'Niger–Congo', in Heine, Bernd and Nurse, Derek (eds) African Languages: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University press, pp. 11–42.

脚注

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  1. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin et al., eds (2016). “Ijoid”. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/ijoi1239 
  2. ^ Dogon Languages Archived June 15, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 19, 2013
  3. ^ Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan (2011-01-01) (英語). Historical Linguistics and the Comparative Study of African Languages. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 978-9027211781. https://books.google.com/books?id=0U4k9duWUOIC 
  4. ^ Babaev, Kirill. “Joseph Greenberg and the Current State of Niger-Congo”. https://www.academia.edu/29429826 
  5. ^ Blench, Roger M. and Kay Williamson. 2007. Comparative Ijoid Word List. Unpublished Manuscript.
  6. ^ a b Jenewari, Charles E. W. 1983. Defaka: Ijo's closest relative. (Delta Series, 2.) University of Port Harcourt Press. ISBN 978-2321-39-7
  7. ^ Chan, Eugene (2019年). “The Niger-Congo Language Phylum”. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages. 2021年4月閲覧。

外部リンク

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