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アスペクト比 (航空工学)

航空工学におけるアスペクト比(アスペクトひ Aspect ratio)は、主翼の縦横比を示す値[1][2]翼幅の2乗を翼面積で割った値であり、矩形翼では翼幅を翼弦長を割った値に等しい[2]

概要

アスペクト比ARは、以下の式で定義される[1]

 b:翼幅 S:翼面積

アスペクト比の値が大きいほど、主翼が細長い形状であることを示す[2]。高アスペクト比の主翼は、誘導抗力が減少し揚抗比が増大するため、航続性能が改善されるが、形状が細長くなり主翼構造に問題が生じやすくなる[2]。そのため、グライダー等では、高アスペクト比の主翼が用いられる[1]

可変翼においては、主翼の後退角のみならず、翼幅が変化するため、アスペクト比も変化する[1]

" "
低アスペクト比
" "
中アスペクト比
" "
高アスペクト比

脚注

  1. ^ a b c d Geometry Definitions”. www.grc.nasa.gov. 22 October 2017閲覧。
  2. ^ a b c d 航空実用事典-翼型”. 日本航空. 2021年4月24日閲覧。

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アスペクト比 (航空工学)
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