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Zhongdu

Peta yang menunjukkan perubahan tembok kota di Beijing pada masa Dinasti Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming, dan Qing

Zhongdu (中都, secara harfiah berarti "Ibu kota Pusat") adalah ibu kota Dinasti Jin yang dikuasai oleh bangsa Jurchen di Tiongkok pada abad pertengahan. Kota ini terletak di Distrik Xicheng di Beijing barat daya. Populasinya hampir mencapai satu juta jiwa pada akhir abad ke-12,[1] dan merupakan kota pra-modern terbesar dan terakhir yang dibangun di tempat tersebut.[2]

Setelah pemindahan ibu kota ke Kaifeng dibatalkan oleh bangsa Jurchen karena Genghis Khan telah melakukan kunjungan pada tahun 1214, bangsa Mongol kembali menyerang kota Zhongdu pada tahun berikutnya dan kemudian menghancurkan kota tersebut. Cucunya, Kublai Khan, tidak membangun kembali kota ini, tetapi malah mendirikan ibu kota baru yang bernama Khanbaligh di sebelah timur laut Zhongdu.

Referensi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ Kuo, Kaiser (2008-09-01). The Insider's Guide to Beijing 2005-2006. True Run Media. ISBN 9780977333400. [...] Zhongdu had a population of nearly one million by the late 12th century. 
  2. ^ Casault, André (1988). Understanding the changes and constants of the courtyard house neighborhoods in Beijing (Tesis). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. OCLC 18687273. 


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Zhongdu
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