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Suku Liburnia

Italia Zaman Besi
Liburnia pada zaman penaklukan Romawi

Suku Liburnia atau Liburni (bahasa Yunani Kuno: Λιβυρνοὶ)[1] adalah suku kuno yang mendiami distrik bernama Liburnia,[2][3][4] wilayah pesisir Adriatik timur laut antara sungai-sungai Arsia (Raša) dan Titius (Krka) di lokasi yang sekarang disebut Kroasia. Menurut Geographika Strabo mereka menghuni Kerkira hingga tak lama setelah suku Korintus menetap di pulau itu, pada sekitar 730 SM.[5]

Bahasa Liburnia adalah bahasa punah yang dituturkan oleh suku kuno Liburnia, yang menduduki Liburnia pada zaman klasik. Klasifikasi bahasa Liburnia tidak ditetapkan dengan jelas; diperhitungkan sebagai rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa dengan proporsi yang ejals dari unsur-unsur Pra-Indo-Eropa dari wilayah yang lebih luas dari Mediterania kuno.

Kepunahan bahasa dan suku bangsa

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Pada 634 M Kaisar Romawi Timur Heraklius mengundang Chrovates atau Chrobati (leluhur bangsa Kroasia), yang tinggal di sisi utara Karpatia, di lokasi yang sekarang menjadi Polandia selatan (atau Galisia), untuk menduduki provinsi sebagai vasal Kekaisaran.[6] Kehadiran mereka berpengaruh seterusnya pada budaya Romawi, dan suku Liburnia memudar sebagai kelompok etnik yang berbeda.

Lihat pula

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  1. ^ Scyl. 21 Diarsipkan 2009-06-12 di Wayback Machine.; Strabo vi. p. 407, vii. p. 484; Appian, Ill. 12; Stephanus Byzantinus; Scholia ad Nicander 607 ; Pomponius Mela, ii. § 49-50; Plinius Tua, "25 Liburnia and Illyricum", The Natural History, 3, hlm. 23 ; Florus ii. 5.
  2. ^ Géza Alföldy, Die Namensgebung der Urbevölkerung in der römischen Provinz Dalmatien. Beiträge zur Namenforschung 15, 1964
  3. ^ G. Alföldy, Die Personennamen im römischen Dalmatien, Heidelberg, 1969
  4. ^ Euratlas. "Euratlas Periodis Web - Map of Europe in Year 700". www.euratlas.net (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2018-04-30. 
  5. ^ Strabo, Geographica, VI, hlm. 269 
  6. ^ Constantine Porphyrogenitos, De Administrando Imperio, ch. 31.
  • HELVII u Jaderu i Liburniji, ["Helvii in Iader and Liburnia"], Radovi - zavoda za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zadru, 37, Zadar, 1955, 9-37.
  • Liburnski cipus iz Verone (CIL 5, 2200, 8852; CIL 3, 2190), ["Liburnian cippus from Verona"], Diadora, 10, Zadar, 1988, 73-99.
  • "Prilog klasifikaciji liburnskih nadgrobnih spomenika, tzv. liburnskih cipusa - sjeverna grupa nalaza," [“Contribution to classification of Liburnian gravestones, so called cipuses - northern group of findings”], Izdanja HAD-a, 13, Arheoloska istrazivanja na otocima Krku, Rabu i u Hrvatskom primorju, Zagreb, 1989, 51-59.
  • "Aserijatska skupina liburnskih nadgrobnih spomenika, tzv. liburnskih cipusa," [“Asseriate group of Liburnian gravestones, so called cippi”], Diadora, 12: 209-299, Zadar, 1990; Diadora, 13, Zadar, 1991, 169-211.
  • Ivo Fadić, Archaeological museum in Zadar
  • Barac, L. et al., '"Y-chromosomal heritage of Croatian population and its island isolates", European Journal of Human Genetics, 11: 535-542, 2003.
  • Batovic, Sime, Sepultures de la peuplade illyrienne des Liburnes, Bonn, 1962.
  • Batovic, Sime, '"Die Eisenzeit auf dem Gebiet des illyrischen Stammes der Liburnen." Archaeologia Jugoslavica 6 (1965.), 55 p.,
  • Tolk, H.V. et al., "MtDNA haplogroups in the populations of Croatian Adriatic Islands." Coll. Anthropologica 24: 267-279, 2000.
  • Wilkes, John J. (1992), The Illyrians, The peoples of Europe, Blackwell Books, ISBN 0631146717, OCLC 438825468 
  • Zaninović, Marin (1988), "Liburnia Militaris", Opvscvla archaeologica (dalam bahasa Kroasia), 13 (1), hlm. 43–67  UDK 904.930.2(497.13)
  • Brusic, Zdenko, Hellenistic and Roman Relief Pottery in Liburnia ISBN 1-84171-030-X. British Arcaeological Reports Diarsipkan 2009-09-08 di Wayback Machine. (December 8, 1999), 254 pages, 122 plates of drawings and photographs.
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Suku Liburnia
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