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Doktrin Stimson

Sekretaris Negara Amerika Serikat Henry Stimson.

Doktrin Stimson adalah kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat yang dikemukakan di dalam sebuah nota bertanggal 7 Januari 1932 kepada Kekaisaran Jepang dan Republik Tiongkok, yang menyatakan bahwa AS tidak akan mengakui perubahan wilayah yang ditegakkan dengan kekuatan militer. Doktrin ini merupakan pemberlakuan dari asas ex injuria jus non oritur.[1]

Doktrin ini dinamai dari Menteri Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat pada masa pemerintahan Hoover (1929-33), Henry L. Stimson, setelah Jepang secara sepihak merebut Manchuria dari Tiongkok pada tanggal 18 September 1931.[2] Doktrin ini juga disebut oleh Sumner Welles di dalam sebuah deklarasi yang dikeluarkan pada tanggal 23 Juli 1940 yang mengumumkan bahwa Amerika tidak akan mengakui aneksasi tiga negara Baltik (Estonia, Latvia dan Lituania) oleh Uni Soviet.[3] Pandangan ini tetap menjadi pandangan resmi AS hingga negara-negara Baltik kembali merdeka pada tahun 1991.

Catatan kaki

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  1. ^ Bin Cheng, Georg (FRW) Schwarzenberger (2006). General principles of law as applied by international courts and tribunals. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-03000-5. 
  2. ^ "Stimson Doctrine, 1932". United States Department of State. Diakses tanggal 2009-05-02. 
  3. ^ John Hiden; Vahur Made; David J. Smith (2008). The Baltic question during the Cold War. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-37100-1. 

Daftar pustaka

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  • Clauss, Errol MacGregor. "The Roosevelt Administration and Manchukuo, 1933–1941," Historian (Aug. 1970) Volume 32, Issue 4, pages 595–611 online
  • Current, Richard N. "The Stimson Doctrine and the Hoover Doctrine," American Historical Review Vol. 59, No. 3 (Apr., 1954), pp. 513–542 in JSTOR
  • Findling, J. E. (1980). Dictionary of American Diplomatic History, Westport: Greenwood Press, pp. 457–458.
  • Meiertöns, Heiko (2010): The Doctrines of US Security Policy - An Evaluation under International Law, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-76648-7.
  • Wright, Quincy. "The Legal Foundation of the Stimson Doctrine," Pacific Affairs Vol. 8, No. 4 (Dec., 1935), pp. 439–446 in JSTOR
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Doktrin Stimson
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