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Bangsa Sarmatia

Sarmatia

Perkiraan cakupan bahasa Iran Timur pada abad ke-1 SM (jingga)
Daerah dengan populasi signifikan
Eropa Timur
Asia Tengah
India Utara
Bahasa
bagian dari bahasa atau dialek Iran Tengah yang tidak diketahui
Kelompok etnik terkait
Bangsa Skithia

Bangsa Sarmatia (Bahasa Latin Sarmatæ atau Sauromtæ, bahasa Sansakerta Saka bahasa Yunani Σαρμάται, Σαυρομάται) Zaman Besi adalah salah satu suku bangsa Iran pada masa Antikuitas Klasik. Mereka berkembang sekitar abad ke-5 SM sampai abad ke-4 M.[1][2]

Bangsa Sarmatia menempati wilayah yang oleh para Etnografer Yunani-Romawi disebut Sarmatia. Wilayah ini merupakan bagian barat dari daerah Skithia besar (Rusia Selatan, Ukraina, dan Balkan utara). Pada puncak kejayaan mereka, sekitar tahun 100 SM, mereka menguasai daerah yang terbentang mulai dari Sungai Vistula sampai mulut sungai Danube dan ke arah timur sampai Volga, berbatasan dengan pesisir Laut Hitam dan Laut Kaspia selain juga Kaukasus di sebelas selatan.[3]

Bangsa Sarmatia mengalami kemunduran pada abad ke-4 SM dengan adanya serangan-serangan akibat kedatangan bangsa Goth dan Hun. Keturunan bangsa Sarmatia kemudian dikenal sebagai Suku Alan selama Abad Pertengahan Awal, dan pada akhirnya menjadi kelompok etnis Osset modern.[4]

Catatan kaki

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  1. ^ J.Harmatta: "Scythians" in UNESCO Collection of History of Humanity - Volume III: From the Seventh Century BC to the Seventh Century AD. Routledge/UNESCO. 1996. pg. 182
  2. ^ (2007). Encyclopædia Britannica, s.v. "Sarmatian". Retrieved May 20, 2007, from [Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9065786]
  3. ^ Apollonios (Argonautika, iii) envisaged the Sauromatai as the bitter foe of King Aietes of Colchis (modern Georgia).
  4. ^ James Minahan, "One Europe, Many Nations", Published by Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000. pg 518: "The Ossetians, calling themselves Iristi and their homeland Iryston are the most northerly Iranian people. ... They are descended from a division of Sarmatians, the Alans who were pushed out of the Terek River lowlands and in the Caucasus foothills by invading Huns in the fourth century A.D.

Pranala luar

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Bangsa Sarmatia
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