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Yoga

Yoga
subclasse de: physical exercise[*], spiritual practice[*], Mind–body interventions[*]
parte de: patrimonio cultural immaterial[*]


Commons: Yoga

Le yoga[1] (ex le sanscrito yoga 'union') se refere a un traditional disciplina physic e mental que se originava in India. Le parola se associa con practicas de meditation in le hinduismo, le buddhismo e le jainismo. Secun su practicantes, le yoga dona como resultato:

  • Le union del anima individual con le divinitate (Brahman, Shiva, Vishnu, Kali, etc.), inter les que il ha un postura religiose de typo devotional;
  • Le perception re que le io es spiritual e non material, inter les que il ha un postura spiritualistic;
  • Le benesser physic e mental, inter les que ha un postura rationalistic (athee o agnostic).

Le Samadhi es un stato de hyperconscientia e megaluciditate que solo le Yoga proportiona.

Illo se originava in lo que es hodie India plus quem 5000 annos retro, como un scientia del vita pro conservar le sanitate physic, mental et emotional e pro responder a questiones philosophic universal como le veritate re le existentia e le universo, le origine del suffrentia e le maniera de attinger le felicitate como un stato interior. Durante seculos illo se ha implementate como un systema psychologic, medic e spiritual. Illo es un tradition originate in le Valle del Indo e que se dice illo esseva revelate per le divinitate a le sadhus (ascetas).

Le archeologo britannic sir John Marshall discoperiva in Mohnhejo-Daro (Pakistan) un sigillo con figuras databile verso le seculo XVII a.C., del cultura del Valle del Indo. In 1931 ille publicava su interpretation, imaginante un supponite creatura anthropomorphic con cornos, in un position sedite con le gambas cruciate. Marshall elaborava tres hypothesis, que non es ancora confirmate:

  1. Le esser sedite esserea le deo Shiva; por illo ille baptisava le sigillo "Pasupati" ('senior del bestias', altere nomine del deo hindu Shiva);
  2. Le esser esserea practicante un postura de yoga;
  3. Ergo le yoga haberea al minus 35 seculos de antiquitate.

Alcun altere scriptores del west —inter illes le historista re le religiones Mircea Eliade (1907-1986), e G. Feurstein— credeva que iste proposition esseva sufficiente indicio re que in le cultura Indo se cognosceva le yoga.

Alteremente, le hinduistas affirma que le yoga es eterne (anādi: 'sin comencio') e illo sempre existeva.

Typos de yoga

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Relation inter le typos de yoga

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Le sequitores del distincte doctrinas del India affirma que le diverse camminos non porta al mesme fin. Generalmente le sequitor de un typo de yoga crede que le unic yoga (methodo de union o approximation a Deo) es le proprie, e disprecia le practicantes de altere typos de yoga.

  • Le jnanis (a vices appellate "jnana-yogis") vole funder se in le existentia del Absoluto (como un gutta in le mar). Pro le jnani, le scopo del bhakta, re esser "con" Deo significarea que le anima ancora es coperite per le velo de maya, qui le face creder se Deo.
  • Pro le bhaktas (a vices appellate "bhakti-yogis") le meta del jnani es naraka (le inferno), porque le bhaktas vole haber un relation personal con Deo (duo personas distincte: le anima e Deo).

Referentias

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  1. Derivation: Entitates: 1. (it) Yoga || 2. (es) Yoga || (pt) Ioga || 3. (fr) Yoga || 4. (en) Yoga || Controlo: (de) Yoga || (ru) Йога || - (Extra): (la) Ioga
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Yoga
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