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Torah

Le Torah ([to-rà], transliteration del hebreo תורה‬, que pote significar "instruction," "doctrina," o "lege") es le plus importante del scripturas judee, le prime cinque libros del Tanakh (le biblia judee). Illo es alsi appellate le "pentateucho" (ab le greco he pentateuchòs biblòs, le libro in cinque partes) .

In judaismo le Torah es traditionalmente considerate un revelation de Deo. Per extension illo veni a significar le totalitate del lege de Deo, un exemplar divin del universo create.

In servicios communal judee (in un synagoga, pro exemplo) le portion septimanal del Torah es legite publicamente usante un Sefer Torah (hebreo: "Torah-Rolo"), que es scripte per mano in un roll de pergamena. De facto, le edificio del synagoga (dispare a un ecclesia christian) non es sacrate ni considerate plus sancte que altere locos: il es le Sefer Torah que es le cosa le plus sacrate e importante.

Le texto del Torah como illo existe hodie era redirigite in le medie del prime millennia aEC de quatro fontes scripte, que era date nomines (e abbreviationes) per eruditos del seculo 19 EC: Le Elohista (E), le Yahwista o Jahwista (J), le Deuteronomista (D), e le Scriptor Sacerdotal o Scriptor del Prestres (P).

Le cinque libros del Torah son:

Codice sacerdotal

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Articulo principal: Deuteronomista

Le Documento o Codice sacerdotal es le hypothetisate fonte le plus recente del Pentateucho, le Scriptor Sacerdotal o P. Le designation "sacerdotal" es motivate per le interesse que le documento manifesta pro le institutiones cultural e ritual e pro le ordinamentos sacerdotal; tal ordinamentos sovente es motivate per passages de narration, transmittite in parve o grande collectiones (p. ex. Ex. 25:31: le institution del Tabernaculo).

Le Codice sacerdotal comencia con Gen. 1:1 e termina con Deut. 34:9; illo imbracia, parallelmente al Jahvista, le historia del origines, le epocha patriarchal e le epocha mosaic usque al conquesta de Canaan.

Inter le characteristicas del Codice sacerdotal se comprehende su stylo stereotypate, le utilisation de genealogias e de numeros, le interesse pro le aspecto sacerdotal e cultural. Probabilemente le Codice sacerdotal se originava in ambientes sacerdotal del diaspora babylonic del 5e seculo aEC.

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Torah
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