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Monicreque

Monicreques de man tradicionais.

Un monicreque,[1] fantoche[2] ou monifate[3] é un obxecto, a miúdo con aparencia humana, animal ou mítica, que é animada e manipulada por unha persoa. A persoa emprega movementos da súa man, brazo ou dispositivos de control como varas ou cordas para mover o corpo, a cabeza, as extremidades e, nalgúns casos, a boca e os ollos do monicreque. A miúdo, a persoa fai a voz da personaxe do monicreque, sincronizando os movementos da boca do monicreque con esta parte falada.

Os monicreques son unha forma moi antiga de teatro que se apareceu na Antiga Grecia no século -V.[4][5] No Antigo Exipto empregábanse figuras que podían mover diversas partes do corpo con finalidade relixiosa.[6]

Relacionado co mundo dos monicreques é o teatro de sombras, no que as figuras, vistas a través dunha pantalla e iluminadas por detrás, son movidas con talos.

  1. Definicións no Dicionario da Real Academia Galega e no Portal das Palabras para monicreque.
  2. Definicións no Dicionario da Real Academia Galega e no Portal das Palabras para fantoche.
  3. Definicións no Dicionario da Real Academia Galega e no Portal das Palabras para monifate.
  4. Heródoto, Historias, 2.48, en Perseus
  5. Xenofonte, Simposio, 4.55, en Perseus
  6. Francis, William; Griffith, John William (1846). A history of inventions, discoveries, and origins (en inglés). H.G. Bohn. pp. vol.2, p.133. 

Véxase tamén

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Bibliografía

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  • Ghosh, S. and Banerjee, Utpal Kumar, Indian Puppets, Abhinav Publications, 2006. ISBN 81-7017-435-X.
  • Bell, John, Strings, Hands, Shadows: A Modern Puppet History, Wayne State University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-89558-156-6.
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Monicreque
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