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Bombe Disney

Bombe Disney
Image illustrative de l’article Bombe Disney
Photographie d'une bombe Disney
Présentation
Type de bombe Bombe bunker buster
Pays d'origine Royaume-Uni
Constructeur Vickers-Armstrongs
Développement Edward Terrell
Durée de service 1945-1946
Caractéristiques
Longueur 16 6 (soit 5.03 m)[1]
Diamètre Corps : 15 (soit 380 mm)=""

Queue : 17 (soit 430 mm)[1]

Masse 4500 lb (soit 2000 kg)
Utilisateurs
United States Army Air Forces

La bombe Disney, aussi connue sous le nom de « The Disney Swish »[2], et officiellement la « 4500 lb Concrete Piercing/Rocket Assisted bomb » était une bombe bunker buster assistée par roquette développée pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale par Vickers-Armstrongs[3] pour la Royal Navy britannique dans le but de pénétrer des cibles en béton durci, telles que des abris pour sous-marins, qui pourraient résister aux conventionnelles bombes non guidées.

Conçu par le capitaine de la Royal Navy Edward Terrell, la bombe a été posée avec des roquettes à propulsion à propergol solide pour accélérer sa descente, lui donnant une vitesse d'impact de 990 mph (1,590 km/h)—bien au-delà des 750 mph (1,210 km/h), vitesse d'impact en chute libre de la bombe sismique Tallboy mesurant 5 tonnes[4].

Le Disney pouvait pénétrer 16 pieds (soit 4,9 m) de béton solide avant d'exploser. Le nom est attribué à un film de propagande, Victoire dans les airs (1943), produit par les studios Disney, qui aurait inspiré la conception de la Bombe Disney.

Notes et références

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  1. a et b 92nd Bomb Group (H) : fame's favored few., Turner, (ISBN 1-56311-241-8 et 978-1-56311-241-6, OCLC 53001806, lire en ligne)
  2. (en) U. S. Army, English: Combat bulletins CB n°57: Activities in ETO Disney swish, (lire en ligne), The Disney Rocket-Assisted Bomb was a World War II device to be used against U-boat pens and other super-hardened targets. Thought up by Royal Navy Captain Edward Terrell, it had a streamlined hardened case bomb weighing 4,500 lb (2 tonnes). The bomb was dropped from 20,000 ft (~6,000 m). At 5,000 ft (~1,500 m) a barometric fuse fired the rocket in the tail to give it a velocity at impact of up to 2,400 ft/second (730 m/s). It was first used by the 92nd Bomb Group on 10 February 1945 on U-boat pens at IJmuiden, Netherlands, one bomb under each wing of 9 B-17 Flying Fortress. On that occasion a single direct hit was scored. A total of 158 "Disney Bombs" were used operationally by the end of hostilities in Europe.
  3. (en) Defense Technical Information Center, DTIC ADA065940: Comparative Test of the Effectiveness of Large Bombs against Reinforced Concrete Structures (Anglo-American Bomb Tests-Project RUBY)., (lire en ligne)
  4. John Ellis, One day in a very long war : Wednesday 25th October 1944, Jonathan Cape, (ISBN 0-224-04244-0 et 978-0-224-04244-4, OCLC 40557290, lire en ligne)
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Bombe Disney
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