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Katalasa

Katalasa 3D irudian

Katalasa izaki bizidunengan dagoen entzima da, hidrogeno peroxidoa (H2O2) deskonposatzen duena honako erreakzio kimikoan:

2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2.

Hidrogeno peroxidoa zenbait prozesu metabolikotan sortzen da, eta oso toxikoa da. Katalasari esker ez da zeluletan pilatzen, indargabetuta baita kalterik egin aurretik. Katalasaren erreakzio ahalmena oso handia da, molekula batek 40 milioi hidrogeno peroxido molekula deskonposatzen baitu segundoko.

Katalasaren proba

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Sakontzeko, irakurri: «Katalasaren proba»

Mikrobiologia laborategietan asko erabiltzen da katalasaren proba bakterioak identifikatzeko. Bakterio asko katalasa (+) dira, baina beste batzuek ez dute katalasarik (guztiz anaerobioak direnak, esaterako).

Laborategian identifikatu nahi den bakterioa (hazkuntza-inguru solidoan hazten dena) ur oxigenatuaren soluzio batean jartzen da: burbuilen agerpenak katalasaren jarduera adierazten du.

Gram negatibo gehienak katalasadunak dira. Gram positiboen artean, katalasaren probak Staphylococcus eta Micrococcus generoak (katalasa +) Streptococcus eta Enterococcus (katalasa -) generoetatik bereizten ditu.

Kanpo estekak

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Katalasa
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