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Subutai

Subutai
Sünninimi Sübügätäi
Sünniaeg c. 1175
Burkhan Kahldun, Mongoolia
Surmaaeg 1248 (72–73 aasta vanuses)
Tuul'i jõgi, Tõva Mongoolia
Rahvus Uriankhai
Elukutse kindral
Tiitlid Örlög baghatur, Mingghani Noyan
Sugulased Jelme, Chaurkhan, Nerbi, Qaban

Subutai, ka Sübedei (klassikalises mongoolia keeles: Sübügätäi või Sübü'ätäi, uuemas mongoolia keeles: Сүбээдэй, Sübedei 1175–1248)[1] oli mongoli väejuht ja üks peamisi Tšingis-khaaniUgedei-khaani ja Batu-khaani strateege.

Tema ettevalmistused sõjakäikudeks olid põhjalikud, alustades spioonide saatmisest vaenlase maale kuni soodsa lahingupaiga valikuni vahetult enne kokkupõrget.

Subutai hindas alistatud rahvaste insenere ja nende saavutusi sõjatehnikas. Ta kasutas insenere ja nende loodud vahendeid (piiramismasinad, katapuldid) oma sõjakäikudel. Tänu ülevõetud oskustele ja ratsaväe kiirele manööverdamisvõimele alistasid mongolid Hiinast Euroopasse ulatuva territooriumi.[2] Subutai oli osaline Hiina, Horezmi, polovetside, alaanide, Gruusia ja mitme Vene vürstiriigi alistamisel ning tema juhtimisel võideti Euroopas Poola, Ungari ja Saksa ordu. [3]

  1. Richard Gabriel, Genghis Khan's Greatest General Subotai the Valiant, University of Oklahoma Press, 2004, lk. 6
  2. David Morgan, The Mongols (2nd ed.), Malden, Massachusetts, USA; Oxford, UK; Carlton, Victoria, Australia: Blackwell Publishing, 2007 lk.5
  3. Henry H. Howorth, History of the Mongols from the 9th to the 19th Century: Part I: The Mongols Proper and the Kalmuks. New York, USA: Burt Frankin, 1965, lk.55-62
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Subutai
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