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Ribosomaalne DNA

Eukarüootse rDNA segment sisaldab 18S, 5.8S, ja 28S lõike ning moodustab tandeemselt korduva klastri. 5S rRNA geen asub eraldi.
NTS – mittetranskribeeritav speisser, ETS – väline transkribeeritav speisser, ITS – sisemised transkribeeritavad speisserid 1 ja 2

Ribosomaalne DNA (rDNA) on DNA järjestus, mis kodeerib ribosomaalset RNA-d. Nagu pildilt näha siis eukarüootide rDNA segment on tandeemselt korduv operon, ehk ühise regulatoorse signaali või promootori poolt kontrollitud geeniklaster, mis koosneb NTS, ETS, 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2, ja 28S lõikudest. Enamiku eukarüootide genoomides on lisaks veel ka geen, mis kodeerib 5S rRNA-d.[1] 5S rDNA esineb tandeemsete kordustena ka äädikakärbestel (Drosophila).[1]

rDNA moodustab rakutuumas visuaalselt erineva piirkonna, mida nimetatakse tuumakeseks. Kuna selle regioon tõttu tekib rakutuumas eristatav tuumake siis kutsutakse rDNA regiooni ka tuumakese organisaator piirkonnaks. Inimgenoomis on 5 kromosoomi, mis sisaldavad tuumakese organisaator piirkonda: akrotsentrilised kromosoomid 13,14,15,21 ja 22.

  1. 1,0 1,1 Richard, G. -F.; Kerrest, A.; Dujon, B. (2008). "Comparative Genomics and Molecular Dynamics of DNA Repeats in Eukaryotes". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 72 (4): 686–727.
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Ribosomaalne DNA
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