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歷史畫

荷拉斯兄弟之誓》,雅克-路易·大衛,1786
戴安娜與阿克泰翁》,提香,1556–1559。其中不僅描繪神話人物,也涉及了風景畫靜物畫要素

歷史畫專指描繪某一故事的畫作,通常有多個人物同時出現。各拉丁語系語言名稱均取自拉丁語意大利語“historia”,本意是“故事”而非“歷史”,因此並非描繪的都是歷史事件。例如常見的歷史畫主題“基督的一生”及其他種種神話寓言故事[1]。19世紀之前歷史畫基本為篇幅宏大的布面油畫壁畫,典型的包括米開朗琪羅的《西斯廷天頂畫》 ,但19世紀之後學院藝術的統治地位動搖,這一詞語也遭到濫用,有時甚至根本不符合其基本定義。[2]

在西方繪畫傳統中,歷史畫是藝術等級中最高的類型,相當於文學中的史詩莱昂·巴蒂斯塔·阿尔伯蒂在其1436年出版的《論繪畫》中就曾說歷史畫之所以高級,是因為它要求畫家在其他類別上臻于極致,並將歷史具現,從而觸動觀看者。他認為將畫中人物聯係起來是繪製歷史畫的重中之重。[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ National Gallery, Glossary entry页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆); History Painting Gallery页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) from The National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC; Green and Seddon, 7-8; Harrison, 105-106
  2. ^ Green and Seddon, 11-15
  3. ^ Barlow, 1

外部連接

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歷史畫
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