璽
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 玺
| ||||||||
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]璽 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 一月一土戈 (MBMGI), four-corner 10103, composition ⿱爾玉)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 744, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21309
- Dae Jaweon: page 1153, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1144, character 5
- Unihan data for U+74BD
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 璽 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 玺 | |
| alternative forms | 壐／𱖚 鈢 鉨／鿭 鉩 𤫆 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]From 壐／𱖚. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *smlelʔ) : phonetic 爾 (OC *njelʔ) + semantic 玉 (“jade”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): saai2
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): sai3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5shi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sǐ
- Wade–Giles: hsi3
- Yale: syǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shii
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: saai2
- Yale: sáai
- Cantonese Pinyin: saai2
- Guangdong Romanization: sai2
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 璽 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕi²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ɕi¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /ɕi⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao | /si⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /si⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /ɕi²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ɕi⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɕi⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɕi⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕi⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɕi⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /si²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /sz̩²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕi⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | ||
| Hohhot | /ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɕi³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /si⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɕi⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /sei³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /si³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /ɕi³¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /si⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /si⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɕi²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sai³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | ||
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐi³⁵/ |
| Nanning | /ɬɐi³⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /sɐi³⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /su⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /sɛ³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /sai²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /si⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /mi³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: sjeX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[n]e[r]ʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*smlelʔ/
Definitions
[edit]璽
- (historical) imperial seal; royal seal
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “璽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02607
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]璽
Readings
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 璽 (MC sjeX). Compare modern Mandarin 璽／玺 (xǐ).
The reading changed from an initial borrowing of shi [ɕi] to the current reading of ji [d͡ʑi].
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a seal or sigil carved into a jewel
- more specifically, such a seal belonging to the Chinese emperor of the Qin Dynasty or later, or belonging to the Japanese emperor
- 八尺瓊曲玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), the jewel that is one of the three sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan
Synonyms
[edit]- (carved jewel): 玉璽 (gyokuji)
- (imperial seal): 玉璽 (gyokuji), 御璽 (gyoji)
- (imperial regalia): 八尺瓊曲玉 (Yasakani no Magatama)
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- 璽綬 (jiju): the imperial seal and the braided cord attached to it
- 璽書 (jisho): a document that has been stamped with the imperial seal
- 璽符 (jifu): the imperial seal
- 印璽 (inji): common term for the emperor's personal seal or sigil and the national seal or sigil used for state business
- 玉璽 (gyokuji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 御璽 (gyoji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 御名御璽 (gyomei gyoji): the emperor's name and the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 剣璽 (kenji): 草薙の剣 (Kusanagi no Tsurugi) and 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), two of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; alternately, all three of the sacred treasures
- 剣璽渡御 (kenji togyo): the ceremony of imperial succession, where the Imperial Regalia of Japan are passed from the preceding emperor to the new one
- 剣璽の案 (kenji no an): the shelf on which the Imperial Regalia of Japan were placed, from the Heian period through the Muromachi period
- 国璽 (kokuji): the national seal or sigil used for state business
- 国璽尚書 (kokuji shōsho): the Lord Privy Seal, the minister or official in the UK responsible for keeping the national seal
- 掌璽官 (shōjikan): under the Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan, the minister in responsible for keeping the imperial seal
- 神璽 (shinji): 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; alternately, all three of the sacred treasures; the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 伝国の璽 (denkoku no ji): the imperial seal belonging to the Chinese emperor of the Qin Dynasty or later
- 宝璽 (hōji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 霊璽 (reiji): an honorific term for the emperor's personal seal or sigil; something worshipped to offer prayers to the soul of someone who has passed away
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) shirushi of verb 印す (shirusu, “to stamp with a seal or sigil; to mark or brand”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- the emperor's personal seal or sigil or the national seal or sigil used for state business
- the mark made by such a seal or sigil
- 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan
- all three of the sacred treasures
Synonyms
[edit]- (imperial seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji)
- (emperor's seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji), 璽符 (jifu), 宝璽 (hōji), 霊璽 (reiji)
- (national seal): 国璽 (kokuji)
- (imperial regalia): 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama)
- (all three imperial regalia): 三種の神器 (Sanshu no Shinki)
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- 璽の御筥 (shirushi no mihako): the box containing the 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; by extension, 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama) itself
- 天つ璽 (ama tsu shirushi): the mark or borderline separating the earthly realm from the heavenly realm; an item received from the gods as proof of imperial status
- 御璽 (mishirushi): the sacred Imperial Regalia of Japan that symbolize imperial succession
Etymology 3
[edit]Compound of 御 (mi-, honorific prefix) + 璽 (shirushi, “imperial mark, seal, or sigil”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
[edit]- 御璽, 御印
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]璽 • (mishirushi)
- a mark or seal indicating imperial status
- a sacred item indicating imperial status
- the emperor's personal seal or sigil
Synonyms
[edit]- (imperial seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji)
- (sacred item): 神器 (shinki)
- (emperor's seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji), 璽符 (jifu), 宝璽 (hōji), 霊璽 (reiji)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 사 (sa) based on Middle Chinese 璽 (MC sjeX).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᄉᆞᆼ〯 (Yale: sǒ) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 인〮 (Yale: ín) | ᄉᆞ〯 (Yale: sǒ) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰɛ] ~ [sʰe̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [새/세]
Hanja
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
((rfdef)).
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
Cover photo is available under {{::mainImage.info.license.name || 'Unknown'}} license.
Cover photo is available under {{::mainImage.info.license.name || 'Unknown'}} license.
Credit:
(see original file).
