User:Tintero21/Roman emperors
N. | Portrait | Coin | Name | Reign | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) Julio-Claudian dynasty | 95 years, 5 months | ||||
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Caesar Augustus "Octavianus" 27 BC–AD 14 |
40 years, 7 months and 3 days | Natural |
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Tiberius I AD 14–37 |
22 years, 5 months and 27 days | Natural |
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Gaius "Caligula" AD 37–41 |
3 years, 10 months and 6 days | Murder | |
4 | ![]() |
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Claudius I AD 41–54 |
13 years, 8 months and 19 days | Murder |
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Nero AD 54–68 |
13 years, 7 months and 27 days | Suicide |
(2) Year of the Four Emperors | |||||
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Galba AD 68–69 |
0 years, 7 months and 7 days | Murder |
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Otho AD 69 |
0 years, 3 months and 1 day (91 days) |
Suicide |
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Vitellius AD 69 |
0 years, 8 months and 1 day | Murder |
(3) Flavian dynasty | 27 years, 2 months | ||||
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Vespasian 69–79 |
9 years, 11 months and 22 days | Natural |
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Titus (Vespasian II) 79–81 |
2 years, 2 months and 20 days | Natural |
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Domitian 81–96 |
15 years, 0 months and 4 days | Murder |
(4) Nerva–Antonine dynasty | 96 years, 3 months | ||||
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Nerva 96–98 |
1 year, 4 months and 9 days | Natural |
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Trajan "the Best" 98–117 |
19 years, 6 months and 14 days | Natural |
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Hadrian 117–138 |
20 years, 11 months | Natural |
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Antoninus I "Pius" 138–161 |
22 years, 8 months | Natural |
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Lucius Aurelius 161–169 |
7 years, 11 months | Natural |
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Marcus Aurelius "the Philosopher" 161–180 |
19 years, 0 months and 10 days | Natural |
18 | ![]() |
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Commodus 180–192 |
16 years, 1 month and 4 days | Murder |
(5) Year of the Five Emperors | |||||
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Pertinax 193 |
0 years, 2 months and 27 days (87 days) |
Murder | |
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Julian I (Didius) 193 |
0 years, 2 months and 4 days (66 days) |
Murder |
(6) Severan dynasty | 43 years | ||||
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Severus I (Septimius) 193–211 |
17 years, 10 months | Natural |
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Geta 211 |
0 years, 8 months, 20 days (?) | Murder |
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Antoninus II "Caracalla" 211–217 |
6 years, 0 months, 4 days | Murder |
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Macrinus 217–218 |
1 year, 2 months | Murder |
Diadumenian 218 |
0 years, 1 month (?) | ||||
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Antoninus III "Elagabalus" 218–222 |
3 years, 10 months | Murder |
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Alexander I (Severus) 222–235 |
13 years, 0 months and 9 days | Murder |
(7) Crisis of the Third Century | 50 years | ||||
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Maximinus I "Thrax" 235–238 |
3 years, 3 months | Murder |
28
29 |
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Gordian I & Gordian II 238 |
0 years, 0 months, 22 days | Suicide
Murder |
30
31 |
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Pupienus & Balbinus 238 |
0 years, 3 months and 9 days (99 days) |
Murder
Murder |
32 | ![]() |
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Gordian III 238–244 |
5 years, 6 months | Murder |
33 | ![]() |
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Philip I "the Arab" 244–249 |
5 years, 7 months (?) | Murder |
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Philip II 247–249 |
2 years, 2 months (?) | ||
34 | ![]() |
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Decius 249–251 |
1 year, 8 months (?) | Murder (foreign) |
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Etruscus 251 |
0 years, 1 month (?) | |||
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Hostilian 251 |
0 years, 1 month (?) | |||
35
36 |
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Gallus & Volusianus 251–253 |
3 years (*) | Murder
Murder |
37 | ![]() |
Aemilianus 253 |
0 years, 2–3 months | Murder | |
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Valerianus 253–260 |
7 years | Murder (foreign) |
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Gallienus 253–268 |
15 years | Murder |
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Saloninus 260 |
0 years, 1 month (?) | |||
40 | ![]() |
Claudius II "Gothicus" 268–270 |
1 year, 7 months (?) | Natural | |
41 | ![]() |
Quintillus 270 |
0 years, 1–2 months (27–77 days) |
Suicide | |
42 | ![]() |
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Aurelian "the Restorer" 270–275 |
5 years, 5 months (?) | Murder |
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Tacitus 275–276 |
0 years, 7 months (?) | Murder |
44 | ![]() |
Florianus 276 |
0 years, 2 months and 25 days (?) (80–88 days) |
Murder | |
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Probus 276–282 |
6 years, 3 months (?) | Murder |
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Carus 282–283 |
0 years, 10 months (?) | Murder (foreign) | |
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Numerian 283–284 |
1 year, 3 months (?) | Murder | |
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Carinus 283–285 |
2 years | Murder | |
(8) Tetrarchy | 38 years | ||||
49 | ![]() |
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Diocletian "Jovius" 284–305 (East) |
20 years, 5 months and 11 days | Resign |
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Maximian "Herculius" 286–305 (West) |
19 years, 1 month | Murder? |
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Galerius (Maximian II) 305–311 (East) |
6 years (...) | Murder |
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Constantius I "Chlorus" 305–306 (West) |
1 year, 2 months and 24 days | Natural |
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Severus II (Valerius) 306–307 (West) |
0 years, 8 months (...) | Murder | |
54 | ![]() |
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Maxentius 306–312 (West) |
6 years | Murder |
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Licinius 308–313 (West) 313–324 (East) |
15 years, 10 months and 8 days | Murder | |
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Maximinus II "Daza" 310–313 (East) |
3 years (...) | Murder |
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Valens I (Valerius) 316–317 (West) |
0 years, 2–3 months | Murder | |
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Martinianus 324 (West) |
0 years, 2 months (...) | Murder | |
(9) Constantinian dynasty | 57 years | ||||
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Constantine I "the Great" 306 (324) – 337 |
30 years, 10 months | Natural | |
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Constantine II 337–340 |
2 years, 7 months | Murder |
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Constans I 337–350 |
12 years, 4 months, 9 days | Murder |
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Magnentius 350–353 |
3 years, 7 months | Suicide | |
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Nepotianus 350 |
0 years, 0 months, 27 days | Murder | |
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Vetranio 350 |
0 years, 9 months, 24 days | Spared | |
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Constantius II 337 (353) – 361 |
24 years, 2 months | Natural |
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Julian II "the Apostate" 361–363 |
1 year, 7 months and 24 days | Murder (foreign) |
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Jovian 363–364 |
0 years, 7 months and 21 days | Accident | |
(10) Valento–Theodosian dynasty | 93 years | ||||
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Valentinian I 364–375 |
11 years, 8 months and 23 days | Natural |
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Valens II 364–378 (East) |
14 years, 4 months and 12 days | Murder (foreign) |
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Procopius 365–366 (West) |
0 years, 8 months | Murder | |
71 | ![]() |
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Gratian 375–383 (West) |
7 years, 9 months, 8 days | Murder |
72 | ![]() |
Maximus I (Magnus) 383–388 (West) |
5 years, 0 months and 3 days | Murder | |
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Victor 385–388 (West) |
3 years (?) | |||
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Valentinian II 388–392 (West) |
3 years, 6 months, 16 days | Murder? | |
74 | ![]() |
Eugenius 392–394 (West) |
2 years, 0 months, 15 days | Murder | |
75 | ![]() |
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Theodosius I "the Great" 379 (394) – 395 |
16 years | Natural |
76 | ![]() |
Arcadius 395–408 (East) |
13 years, 3 months and 14 days | Natural | |
77 | ![]() |
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Honorius 395–423 (West) |
28 years, 7 months | Natural |
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Constantine (III) (Claudius) 407–411 (West) |
4 years | Murder | |
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Constans (II) 409–411 (West) |
2 years | |||
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Theodosius II 408–450 (East) |
42 years, 2 months and 27 days | Natural |
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Attalus 409–410 (West) |
1 year (?) | Murder | |
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Constantius III 421 (West) |
0 years, 6 months and 25 days | Natural |
82 | ![]() |
John (0) 423–425 (West) |
1 year (...) | Murder | |
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Valentinian III 425–455 (West) |
29 years, 4 months and 21 days | Murder | |
84 | ![]() |
Marcian 450–457 (East) |
6 years, 5 months and 2 days | Natural | |
85 | ![]() |
Maximus II (Petronius) 455 (West) |
0 years, 2 months and 14 days (75 days) |
Murder | |
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Avitus 455–456 (West) |
1 year, 3 months and 8 days | Spared | |
(11) Leonid dynasty & Fall of the West | 61 years, 5 months | ||||
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Leo I "the Butcher" 457–474 (East) |
16 years, 11 months and 11 days | Natural |
88 | ![]() |
Majorian 457–461 (West) |
3 years, 7 months and 10 days | Murder | |
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Severus III (Libius) 461–465 (West) |
4 years | Natural | |
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Anthemius 467–472 (West) |
5 years, 3 months | Murder | |
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Olybrius 472 (W) |
0 years, 3 months and 22 days (111 days) |
Natural | |
92 | ![]() |
Glycerius 473–474 (W) |
1 year, 3 months, 22 days | Spared | |
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Nepos 474–475 (480)(W) |
1 year, 2 months and 4 days (*) | Murder | |
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Leo II "the Little" 474 (East) |
0 years, 11 months | Natural | |
95 | ![]() |
Zeno "the Isaurian" 474–491 (East) |
17 years, 2 months and 11 days | Natural | |
96 | ![]() |
Basiliscus 475–476 (East) |
1 year, 7 months | Murder | |
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Marcus 475–476 (East) |
1 year, 7 months | |||
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Romulus "Augustulus" 475–476 (W) |
0 years, 10 months, 4 days | Spared | |
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Anastasius I "Dicorus" 491–518 (E) |
27 years, 3 months | Natural | |
(12) Justinian dynasty | 84 years, 5 months | ||||
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Justin I 518–527 |
9 years, 0 months, 23 days | Natural | |
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Justinian I "the Great" 527–565 |
38 years, 7 months and 13 days | Natural |
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Justin II "Byzancius" 565–578 |
12 years, 10 months and 21 days | Natural | |
102 | ![]() |
Tiberius II (Constantine) 578–582 |
3 years, 10 months and 19 days | Natural | |
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Maurice 582–602 |
20 years, 3 months and 14 days | Murder | |
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Theodosius 590–602 |
12 years, 8 months, 1 day | |||
104 | ![]() |
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Phocas "the Tyrant" 602–610 |
7 years, 10 months and 12 days | Murder |
(13) Heraclian dynasty | 91 years | ||||
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Heraclius I 610–641 |
30 years, 4 months and 6 days | Natural |
106 | ![]() |
Constantine III (Heraclius) 641 |
0 years, 3 months and 14 days (103 days) |
Natural | |
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Heraclius II "Heraclonas" 641 |
5 months, 0 months and 11 days | Spared | |
Constantine (David) |
0 years, 1 month (?) | ||||
108 | ![]() |
Constans II "the Bearded" 641–668 |
26 years, 8 months | Murder | |
109 | ![]() |
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Constantine IV "the Young" 668–685 |
16 years, 10 months | Natural |
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Heraclius (III) & Tiberius 659–681 |
22 years | ||
110 | ![]() |
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Justinian II "the Slit-nosed" 685–95, 705–11 |
16 years (*) | Murder |
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Tiberius (IV) 706–711 |
5 years | |||
(14) Twenty Years' Anarchy | 22 years | ||||
111 | ![]() |
Leontius 695–698 |
3 years | Murder | |
112 | ![]() |
Tiberius III (Apsimarus) 698–705 |
7 years | Murder | |
113 | ![]() |
Philippicus (Bardanes) 711–713 |
1 year, 8 months | Murder | |
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Anastasius II (Artemius) 713–715 |
1 year, 6 months (?) | Murder | |
115 | ![]() |
Theodosius III 715–717 |
1 year, 6 months (?) | Spared | |
(15) Isaurian dynasty | 85 years, 7 months | ||||
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Leo III "the Isaurian" 717–741 |
24 years, 2 months and 24 days | Natural | |
117 | ![]() |
Constantine V "the Shit-named" 741–775 |
34 years, 2 months and 27 days | Natural | |
118 | ![]() |
Artabasdos 741–742 |
1 year, 4–5 months (?) | Spared | |
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Nikephoros (0) 741–742 |
1 year, 5 months (?) | |||
119 | ![]() |
Leo IV "the Khazar" 775–780 |
4 years, 11 months and 25 days | Natural | |
120 | ![]() |
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Constantine VI "the Blinded" 780–797 |
16 years, 11 months and 11 day | Spared |
121 | ![]() |
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Irene "the Athenian" 797–802 |
5 years, 2 months and 12 days | Spared |
(16) Nikephorian dynasty | 11 years, 2 months | ||||
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Nikephoros I "the Logothete" 802–811 |
8 years, 8 months and 26 days | Murder (foreign) |
123 | ![]() |
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Staurakios 811 |
0 years, 2 months and 4 days (66 days) |
Resign |
124 | ![]() |
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Michael I (Rangabe) 811–813 |
1 year, 9 months and 9 days | Resign |
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Theophylactos & Staurakios (II) 811–813 |
1 year, 7 months | |||
125 | ![]() |
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Leo V "the Armenian" 813–820 |
7 years, 5 months and 14 days | Murder |
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Constantine (Symbatios) 813–820 |
7 years | |||
(17) Amorian dynasty | 47 years | ||||
126 | ![]() |
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Michael II "the Amorian" 820–829 |
8 years, 9 months and 7 days | Natural |
127 | ![]() |
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Theophilos 829–842 |
12 years, 3 months and 18 days | Natural |
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Constantine 835? |
1 year (?) | |||
128 | ![]() |
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Michael III "the Drunkard" 842–867 |
25 years, 8 months and 4 days | Murder |
(18) Macedonian dynasty | 189 years | ||||
129 | ![]() |
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Basil I "the Macedonian" 867–886 |
18 years, 9 months and 5 days | Accident |
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Constantine 868–679 |
11 years | |||
130 | ![]() |
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Leo VI "the Wise" 886–912 |
25 years, 8 months and 12 days | Natural |
131 | ![]() |
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Alexander II 912–913 |
1 year, 0 months, 27 days | Natural |
132 | ![]() |
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Constantine VII "the Purple-Born" 913–959 |
46 years, 5 months and 3 days | Natural |
133 | ![]() |
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Romanos I (Lekapenos) 920–944 |
24 years, 0 months and 3 days | Spared |
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Christopher 921–931 |
10 years, 3 months | |||
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Stephen & Constantine 924–945 |
10 years, 1 month, 2 days | |||
134 | ![]() |
Romanos II "the Purple-born" 959–963 |
3 years, 4 months and 6 days | Natural | |
135 | ![]() |
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Nikephoros II (Phocas) 963–969 |
6 years, 3 months and 25 days | Murder |
136 | ![]() |
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John I "the Red-booted" 969–976 |
7 years | Murder |
137 | ![]() |
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Basil II "the Bulgar-slayer" 976–1025 |
49 years, 11 months and 5 days | Natural |
138 | ![]() |
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Constantine VIII 1025–1028 |
2 years, 11 months | Natural |
139 | ![]() |
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Romanos III (Argyros) 1028–1034 |
5 years, 5 months | Murder |
140 | ![]() |
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Michael IV "the Paphlagonian" 1034–1041 |
7 years, 8 months | Natural |
141 | ![]() |
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Michael V "the Caulker" 1041–1042 |
4 months, 0 months and 8 days | Spared |
142 | ![]() |
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Zoe "the Purple-born" 1042–1050 |
8 years (...) | Natural |
143 | ![]() |
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Theodora "the Purple-born" 1042–1056 |
14 years, 4 months and 10 days | Natural |
144 | ![]() |
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Constantine IX (Monomachos) 1042–1055 |
12 years, 7 months | Natural |
145 | ![]() |
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Michael VI "the Bellicose" 1056–1057 |
1 year, 0 months and 8 days | Spared |
146 | ![]() |
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Isaac I (Komnenos) 1057–1059 |
2 years, 2 months and 21 days | Spared |
(19) Doukas–Komnenos–Angelos dynasty | 144 years, 2 months | ||||
147 | ![]() |
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Constantine X (Doukas) 1059–1067 |
7 years, 6 months | Natural |
148 | ![]() |
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Romanos IV (Diogenes) 1067–1071 |
3 years, 9 months | Murder |
Nikephoros & Leo Diogenes |
2 years (?) | ||||
149 | ![]() |
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Michael VII "Minus-a-quarter" 1071–1078 |
6 years, 6 months | Spared |
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Constantius (IV) & Andronikos |
8 years (?) | |||
150 | ![]() |
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Nikephoros III (Botaneiates) 1078–1081 |
3 years | Spared |
151 | ![]() |
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Alexios I (Komnenos) 1081–1118 |
37 years, 4 months and 14 days | Natural |
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Constantine 1081–1087 |
7 years | |||
152 | ![]() |
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John II "the Good" 1118–1143 |
24 years, 7 months and 24 days | Accident |
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Alexios 1122–1142 |
20 years | |||
153 | ![]() |
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Manuel I "the Great" 1143–1180 |
37 years, 5 months and 16 days | Natural |
154 | ![]() |
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Alexios II 1180–1183 |
3 years | Murder |
155 | ![]() |
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Andronikos I "the Sun-hater" 1183–1185 |
2 years | Murder |
John Komnenos | 2 years | ||||
156 | ![]() |
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Isaac II (Angelos) 1185–1195 |
9 years, 6 months and 27 days | Natural? |
157 | ![]() |
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Alexios III 1195–1203 |
8 years, 3 months and 10 days | Spared |
158 | ![]() |
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Alexios IV 1203–1204 |
0 years, 6 months and 8 days | Murder |
159 | ![]() |
Alexios V "the Shady" 1204 |
0 years, 2 months and 16 days (76 days) |
Murder | |
(20) Doukas–Angelos–Komnenos–Palaiologos dynasty | 192 years, 4 months, 14 days | ||||
160 | ![]() |
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Michael VIII 1261–1282 |
21 years, 3 months, 26 days | Natural |
161 | ![]() |
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Andronikos II 1282–1328 |
45 years, 5 months and 13 days | Spared |
162 | ![]() |
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Michael IX 1294–1320 |
26 years, 4 months and 21 days | Natural |
163 | ![]() |
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Andronikos III 1328–1341 |
13 years, 0 months and 22 days | Natural |
164 | ![]() |
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John V 1341–1391 |
49 years, 8 months and 1 day | Natural |
165 | ![]() |
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John VI 1347–1354 |
7 years, 10 months | Spared |
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Matthew 1353–1357 |
4 years | |||
166 | ![]() |
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Andronikos IV 1376–1379 |
2 years, 10 months and 19 days | Spared |
167 | ![]() |
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John VII 1390 |
0 years, 5 months and 3 days | Natural |
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Andronikos V 1403–1407 |
4 years | |||
168 | ![]() |
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Manuel II 1391–1425 |
34 years, 4 months and 5 days | Natural |
169 | ![]() |
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John VIII 1425–1448 |
23 years, 4 months and 10 days | Natural |
170 | ![]() |
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Constantine XI "the Marble Emperor" 1449–1453 |
4 years, 4 months and 23 days | Murder (foreign) |
-
- Emperors who where killed: 85 ––– 50 %
- Killed by their own hands: 5 ––– (2.94 %)
- Emperors who resigned: 3 ––– 1.76 %
- Emperors who had bad luck: 3 ––– 1.76 %
- Emperors who where spared: 19 ––– 11.18 %
- Emperors who died of natural deaths: 60 ––– 35.30 %
Between the years 1 and 565 there where 100 emperors; 65 of them had unnatural causes. This means that the old "classical" Empire (up until 480) had more emperors than the Byzantines, even though the Eastern Empire lived almost twice longer. Up to the year 300 there where 50 emperors; only 12 of them had natural deaths. That said, most of the short-lived (and murdered) emperors ruled during the Crisis or Tetrarchy periods, which makes sense. Most emperors seem to have reigned about 5 years, certainly less than 10, though it's hard to say for sure. Only 31 of them (18.24%) ruled over 20 years (and only 10 if you stop counting after 476; of which only 3 ruled over 30!)
- Emperors who where killed: 85 ––– 50 %
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