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Disposable products are most often made from paper, plastic, cotton, or polystyrene foam. Products made from composite materials such as laminations are difficult to recycle and are more likely to be disposed of at the end of their use. They are typically disposed of using landfills because it is a cheap option. But in 2004 the European Union passed a law where they stopped allowing disposals in landfills.^[1]

Packages are usually intended for a single use. They cause up to 82.2 million tons of waste as of 2018^[2]. The waste hierarchy call for minimization of materials. Many packages and materials are suited to recycling, although the actual recycling percentages are relatively low in many regions. It can be as low as 1% of plastic recycled in Chile^[3]. Reuse and repurposing of packaging is increasing but eventually, containers will be recycled, composted, incinerated, or landfilled.

There are many container forms such as boxes, bottles, jars, bags, etc. Materials include paper, plastics, metals, fabrics, composites, etc.

https://www.plasticexpert.co.uk/the-5-worst-countries-for-plastic-recycling/

https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/containers-and-packaging-product-specific-data

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/plastic-pollution